Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in T & uuml;rkiye have shown a continuous increase over the past 35 years, with a total rise of 155.3%. In comparison, agricultural greenhouse gas emissions have increased by 41.8% and currently account for approximately 12% of total GHG emissions, highlighting the sector's significant contribution. Accurately determining and planning future emission levels is crucial for implementing effective mitigation strategies and aligning with European Union regulations. This study presents a comparative analysis of T & uuml;rkiye's agricultural greenhouse gas emissions with those of the 27 European Union countries for the period 2015-2023 and provides forecasts for the years 2025-2030. The findings indicate that, although T & uuml;rkiye ranks as the second-highest country in terms of total agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, it ranks ninth lowest in terms of emission intensity. Among the three prediction models evaluated, the Random Forest Regression model demonstrated the best performance, achieving a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.503, compared to 0.482 for Ridge Regression and-2.048 for Linear Regression.
Vegetation is a strong resource for scalable, climate-resilient infrastructure in mainstream disaster mitigation, but its potential is largely unexplored. This study identifies vetiver grass as a distinctive, dual-purpose bioengineering solution that successfully integrates ecological restoration with geotechnical stability. The study illustrates vetiver's significant ability to stabilize susceptible slopes and remediate contaminated land concurrently. In terms of geotechnical stability, vetiver is a natural alternative to traditional hard engineering, helping protect against the growing threat of landslides, directly or indirectly caused by climate change. Its root system promotes stability due to its dense, deep roots and good tensile strength, thereby providing both mechanical support and hydrological control. The roots make the soil stick together better, increase the friction angle and shear strength, and allow the soil to withstand greater ductile deformation. Vetiver's extensive root system acts like a natural sponge, absorbing moisture through evapotranspiration. This action lowers pore water pressure and prevents saturation, which is the main cause of slope failure during rain. It also improves soil water retention and air entry suction. Vetiver is a great plant for cleaning up contaminated soil and water, and it has developed a remarkable self-regulating mechanism that allows it to thrive in and detoxify environments contaminated with heavy metals (like Pb, Cd, Zn, As, and Cu), high salinity, and xenobiotics.
The article examines marketing-oriented foresight as a strategic tool for agrarian enterprises amid global instability. The theoretical and methodological foundations of integrating the marketing approach with foresight technologies in agricultural strategic management are defined. The authors substantiate an original concept of & laquo;marketing-oriented foresight & raquo; that combines prognostic-analytical methods, market orientation, and strategic planning adapted to agribusiness specifics. A structural-functional model for marketing-oriented foresight implementation across enterprises of various sizes is proposed, and international experience is analyzed with recommendations for Ukrainian adaptation. The impact of digitalization, climate change, and geopolitical turbulence on the strategic marketing transformation of agrarian enterprises is analyzed. Special attention is paid to environmental variables - carbon footprint, biodiversity conservation, soil health, and circular-economy principles - as core components of foresight. The EU Green Deal and Farm to Fork strategy are shown to function not merely as regulatory constraints but as key drivers of marketing-oriented environmental adaptation; neglecting these dimensions leads to systematic overoptimism regarding export competitiveness in EU markets. The interdependence between marketing orientation level and foresight effectiveness is established. A methodological approach to assessing enterprise readiness for marketingoriented foresight implementation is proposed and empirically tested through a survey of 130 agrarian enterprises in Kharkiv, Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk, and Sumy oblasts (2021 and 2023). Directions for further development of foresight practices in Ukraine's agricultural sector under post-war recovery and European integration are outlined.
This paper presents a modelling approach for assessing the environmental impacts of passenger vehicle traffic and demonstrates its application to regional transport planning using a labor mobility case study. The analysis focuses on the Str & aacute;& zcaron;n & yacute;-Philippsreut model route, a 6.8 km regional commuter corridor linking the South Bohemian Region (Czech Republic) with Bavaria (Germany). The volume of emissions was quantified using the EEA/COPERT 5.5 methodology, based on actual traffic data collected during traffic surveys. Calculations took into consideration fuel type, Euro emission standard, route terrain characteristics, and round-trip (journey) distances. The study evaluated pollutant emissions of CO, HC, NOR, PM, and CO2. On the first day of data collection, total round-trip emissions reached 5.78 kg CO, 0.83 kg HC, 1.77 kg NOR, 0.13 kg PM, and 865.5 kg CO2, whilst lower traffic intensity on the second day of conducting the traffic survey reduced emissions' volume by more than 60%, resulting in 2.20 kg CO, 0.31 kg HC, 0.68 kg NOR, 0.05 kg PM, and 330 kg CO2. Approximately 61% of pollutant emissions were generated on the Czech part of the route and 39% on the German part. Vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines were the primary source of CO and HC, whereas those with compression-ignition engines dominated NOR and PM emissions. The designed model serves as a practical tool for evaluating the environmental impacts of regional mobility and can support evidence-based planning to reduce the transport-related emissions burden.
In the context of the European Union's pursuit of climate neutrality, sustainable agriculture is becoming a key model that combines the protection of natural resources with production profitability. This article aims to analyse the implementation of sustainable practices, with particular emphasis on the use of renewable energy sources (RES) and innovative land-use solutions on Polish farms. The study analyses the current legal framework, including the principles of the European Green Deal, the RED II/III Directives and Polish regulations, with particular emphasis on the 2023 Act on Facilitating Investments in Agricultural Biogas Plants. The research methodology comprises a literature review and the results of a survey conducted among a group of 400 farmers in Poland. The findings indicate that although the majority of farmers declare they employ sustainable practices (including minimising the use of chemical plant protection products), the level of renewable energy use on farms is only 28%. Photovoltaic panels dominate the structure of micro-installations, whilst agricultural biogas plants-despite their high potential within a circular economy and their capacity to meet around 18% of the country's electricity demand-are used only marginally. The research also revealed that a bioeconomy based on local resources (biofuels, biogas, biocompost) is perceived by farmers as the most promising avenue for innovation. The article concludes that an effective energy transition in rural areas requires not only coherent legal regulations, but also intensified educational initiatives and financial support to overcome investment barriers.
