ABSTRACT Background Subungual hemorrhage (SH) may be difficult to distinguish from nail unit melanoma, onychomycosis, and other nail disorders. Dermoscopy enables non‐invasive visualization of subtle subungual structures and provides useful information for differential diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and dermoscopic features of SH and explore their associations with lesion location, disease course, and nail involvement. Materials and methods Clinical and dermoscopic data of 420 patients diagnosed with SH between December 2018 and March 2024 were retrospectively collected from two tertiary hospitals in China. Results Patients aged 18–45 years accounted for 65.5% of the cohort, and 84.3% of lesions were located on the toenails. Most patients (69.5%) had a single lesion, and 73.8% and 79.3% showed no nail margin involvement or nail plate damage, respectively. Toenail involvement was more frequent in female ( p = 0.003) and young adult ( p = 0.002) patients. The predominant dermoscopic features were purplish‐red/black pigmentation (72.9%), irregular morphology (71.0%), and linear or striated pseudopods surrounding the lesion (56.7%). Irregular morphology was significantly more frequent in toenail lesions, whereas linear morphology was more common in fingernail lesions (both p < 0.001). Irregular shapes were predominant (73.6%) in cases with a short‐term course (< 3 months), whereas linear lesions accounted for 31.6% of lesions in patients with a long disease course (≥ 12 months). Lesion morphology was significantly associated with disease course ( p < 0.001). Irregular morphology was also significantly associated with nail margin involvement ( p < 0.001) and nail plate damage ( p = 0.007), while linear or striated pseudopod lesions showed a significant association with nail margin involvement ( p < 0.001). Conclusion In this cohort, SH predominantly affected females and young adults and typically presented as a single toenail lesion. Dermoscopic features of SH varied according to lesion location and disease course, and irregular morphology was associated with nail margin involvement and nail plate damage. Recognition of characteristic dermoscopic features, together with clinical history and lesion evolution, may facilitate differentiation of SH from nail unit melanoma and other nail disorders, help avoid unnecessary biopsy in typical cases, and prompt further evaluation of suspicious lesions.
ABSTRACT Background Photobiomodulation has gained considerable attention for its potential in various dermatological applications. We assessed the anti‐aging effects of a home‐use face‐fit mask combining 630 and 850 nm light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and an anti‐aging cream in ex vivo and prospective exploratory clinical studies. Both products are commercially available. Methods Skin samples from six women aged 39─55 years were either left untreated or received topical treatments for 7 days: LED irradiation (7‐minute sessions) or cream (2 mg/cm 2 ), or both. In the clinical study, women aged 49─65 years ( n = 50) applied the cream daily to the face and neck for 56 days and used the mask 3─4 times per week. Results Compared to untreated skin samples, the combination of LEDs and cream increased the expression of elastin (+29.6%) and collagen 1 (+7.6%) ( p < 0.05 for both). The expression of elastin also increased following treatment with the LEDs alone (+26.1%; p < 0.05). the effect of LEDs and cream combined treatment was demonstrated on collagen 1 expression, with a similar trend observed for elastin expression. In the clinical study, investigator‐assessed clinical scores showed significant progressive improvements from baseline, reaching +57.1% for skin radiance, ‐39.4% for pore dilatation, and ‐24.2% for crow's feet wrinkle depth at Day 56 ( p < 0.0001 for all). Participants also perceived significantly improved skin radiance and smoothing of face and neck wrinkles throughout the study. Conclusion The LED mask and the anti‐aging cream led to visible and clinically measurable skin signs of ageing reduction versus baseline. The increase in collagen I and elastin expression observed in the ex vivo study could contribute to the visible reduction in signs of aging demonstrated in the clinical study.
ABSTRACT Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare, benign vascular proliferation of unknown origin. It typically occurs in the head and neck region, but can occasionally manifest in unusual locations, such as the penis. Herein, we report a case of ALHE in a 46‐year‐old HIV‐infected male presenting with multiple pruritic whitish nodules on the penile shaft with a size ranging from 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.1 cm to 1.1 × 0.6 × 0.2 cm, initially suspected to be nodular condyloma lata. However, negative serological syphilis test results excluded this initial diagnosis. Histopathological findings were consistent with ALHE, revealing plump endothelial cells and inflammatory infiltrates consisting of lymphocytes and eosinophils. The lesions did not fully resolve with topical corticosteroid therapy, thus necessitating surgical excision. As with ALHE at other sites, recurrence is to be anticipated. Although the pathogenesis remains unclear, an association between ALHE and HIV has been reported. ALHE presents both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly when it occurs in sensitive areas, such as the penis. While the penis is an atypical site for ALHE, awareness of this disease is important for dermatologists, and it should be included in the differential diagnosis of a penile nodule.
ABSTRACT Background Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease that often impose a significant psychological burden on patients. Given that effective moisturization is integral to its management, the choice of a proper moisturizer is a critical clinical consideration. Our study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of a moisturizer containing Centella asiatica extract, ceramide NP, and panthenol for erythema and skin barrier in Chinese patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Methods All enrolled patients were prescribed oral minocycline 50 mg once daily and applied moisturizer twice daily. Facial images of facial redness, stratum corneum hydration (SCH), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and Clinician's Erythema Assessment (CEA) were collected at baseline, day 7 (D7), day 14 (D14), and day 28 (D28). Time to a 1‐point reduction in the Patient's Self‐Assessment (PSA) scale and Rosacea‐specific Quality‐of‐life instrument (RosQol) were also recorded by patients. Results A total of 75 patients with rosacea were enrolled, 39 patients were randomized to the experimental group and 36 to the control group. Our study showed that the variations of a* value, facial red area, SCH and RosQol from baseline to D28 were rapidly and significantly greater in the experimental group, and the mean rank of CEA was significantly higher in the control group at D28. All AEs were mild and self‐limiting. Conclusions This study found that the moisturizer containing Centella asiatica extract, ceramide NP, and panthenol delivers rapid, effective adjunctive benefits in rosacea treatment and represents a reliable daily skincare option for patients.
ABSTRACT Background Breslow thickness (BT) is the most important prognostic biomarker in cutaneous melanoma and directly influences surgical management, sentinel lymph node biopsy decisions and survival outcomes. Several non‐invasive imaging modalities have been investigated for preoperative BT estimation; however, their relative performance and clinical applicability remain unclear. Objective To evaluate the agreement between non‐invasive imaging‐derived and histopathologically measured BT and to compare the technical characteristics, diagnostic performance, and clinical utility of currently available imaging modalities for preoperative melanoma staging. Methods A scoping review was conducted according to Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported following PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception to December 1, 2025. Original studies evaluating non‐invasive imaging techniques for BT estimation in cutaneous melanoma were included. Imaging modalities assessed comprised dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultrasound (US), multispectral imaging (MSI), photoacoustic techniques, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and artificial intelligence (AI)‐based approaches. Results Ninety‐two studies met the inclusion criteria. Dermoscopy provided indirect assessment of invasiveness, while RCM and OCT offered complementary microstructural information but limited direct thickness estimation. US, particularly high‐frequency (≥20 MHz) and ultra‐high‐frequency (≥50 MHz) systems, showed the strongest and most consistent evidence for direct BT assessment, with correlation coefficients often exceeding 0.90 and high performance across clinically relevant thresholds. Nevertheless, performance varied across devices, probe frequencies, acquisition protocols, and operators, with frequent overestimation and reduced accuracy in selected subgroups (in situ and thin melanomas). MSI showed moderate‐to‐good classification performance, while photoacoustic techniques yielded promising results but limited to small cohorts. Evidence for MRI and SPECT was scarce. AI‐based approaches achieved moderate‐to‐good predictive performance but did not consistently outperform experienced clinicians, with generalizability limited by dataset and methodological heterogeneity. Conclusions US currently represents the most extensively validated and clinically applicable non‐invasive modality for preoperative BT estimation. A hierarchical imaging approach appears most appropriate, with dermoscopy as the first‐line diagnostic tool, RCM and OCT providing additional lesion characterization, and HFUS enabling complementary depth assessment in lesions strongly suspicious for melanoma. Emerging photoacoustic and AI‐based approaches require further validation, while histopathology remains the reference standard for definitive diagnosis and BT measurement.
