Certification is the judgment of a third party as a liaison between the buyer and the seller, where both parties must meet all of their respective certification criteria or standards. The Rahmat Kinara multi-purpose cooperative is one of the cooperatives engaged in the trade of Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade-certified Arabica coffee. This study aims to determine the difference between the selling price of Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade-certified coffee at the Rahmat Kinara multi-purpose cooperative, Pegasing, Central Aceh. This research uses time-series data, analyzed using the Mann-Whittney Test (U Test). The results of the Mann-Whittney Test (U Test) showed a significant value of (0.000) < α 0.05, meaning that there is a significant difference between the selling price of Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade-certified coffee. Sustainable Agriculture Support at the Rahmat Kinara multi-purpose cooperative improved the quality of the coffee crop (ecologically), helped withstand volatile price changes in global markets (economically), assisted in improving farm management, negotiating leverage, and providing access to premium markets (socially fair).Certification, Rainforest Alliance, Arabica Coffee, Fairtrade
The development of grapes (Vitis vinifera) has obstacle among others are limited optimal land and difficult nurseries. Suboptimal land use for grape cuttings can use red yellow podzolic soil (ultisol). Podzolic soil has an acidic pH and low macro and micro nutrient uptake but can still be used as a growing medium. Vierul local grapes are a type of grape that has begun to be developed as root stock in nurseries but needs to be improved for its root success using a synthetic phytohormones bath of napthaline acetic acid (NAA). The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological character of vierul local grape cuttings at various concentrations of NAAsoaking in podzolic soil growing medium. This research has been carried out in a screen house from August to December 2021. This study used a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications as block consisting of F0, F1, F2, F4 following by 0, 2, 4, 6 g L-1 respectively. The morphological characteristics observed is number of bud break, time of leaves appear, number of leaves, tendril length and percentage of live cuttings. The results of the study were analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% level and continued using the DMRT at the 5% level. The result showed that soaking of NAA at a concentration of 0 g L-1 (F0) had the best result for the variable number of bud break and number of leaves. Concentration of 6 g L-1 (F3) had the best result for variable length of the tendril while for the variable when the leaves appear, NAA soaking has no significant effect. The percentage of live cuttings is still low because it is influenced by the quality (material) of cuttings, the age of woodstock, growing media and water availability.
Weed interference results in increased synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). High accumulation of ROS causes oxidative stress and stimulates the activation of the antioxidant defense system in plants. Weed interference causes biotic stress in the form of allelochemicals and abiotic stress in the form of competition for plants which results in the inhibition of growth and development in plants. Ageratum conyzoides is an annual weed in plantations and can cause biotic and abiotic stress on surrounding plants. This study aims to determine the effect of A. conyzoides interference on antioxidant content in the form of total phenol and total proline in patchouli leaves [Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth cv. Sidikalang] as well as the percentage of essential oil yield from P. cablin. The study was conducted with a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor of A. conyzoides interference levels in as many as four treatments (0, 2, 4, 6 individuals of A. conyzoides per treatment). The results concluded that higher levels of A. conyzoides interference led to an increase in total phenol and total proline in P. cablin leaves, but decreased the percentage yield of P. cablin essential oil.
Rice plants is the main food crop in Indonesia. Gresik is one of the ten highest rice producing regions in East Java Province, Indonesia. Rice production in Babaksari Village, Gresik Regency reaches 646 tonnes/year. One of the obstacles in rice production is bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. This disease can cause yield loss reaching 15-80%. The development of bacterial leaf blight in rice can be caused by several factors, one of which is abiotic factors. This study aims to determine how far the influence exerted by abiotic factors (air humidity, soil pH, and air temperature) on the intensity of bacterial leaf blight. The research was conducted using a survey method, diagonal random sampling, and interviews with farmers in Petissari Hamlet and Sariwonorejo Hamlet, Babaksari Village, Dukun District, Gresik Regency. From the results of this study it was found that the three abiotic factors simultaneously had a significant effect on the intensity of bacterial leaf blight with the regression model obtained, namely: (1) Petissari: Y = -0.050 + 0.587X1 +1.378X2 – 0.789X3; and (2) Sariwonorejo: Y = 8.464 - 3.044X1 +3.745X2 + 1.854X3. The results of path analysis showed that the abiotic factor that had the highest direct effect on the intensity of bacterial leaf blight was soil pH.
Cassava farming in Salatiga City is a food-crop commodity farming business that has good opportunities because the demand for cassava in the market is increasing. However, some obstacles hinder cassava farming, namely cassava productivity which has not reached the target and limited production factors. This indicates that the use of production factors is still not efficient. Production factors that directly affect the productivity of cassava are land area, seeds, fertilizers, and labor. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the influence of production factors on cassava production, (2) to analyze the level of elasticity of cassava production factors, and (3) to analyze the level of technical efficiency and economic efficiency in cassava farming activities in Salatiga City. The analytical method used is the Cobb-Douglas production function with thehelp of the SPSS program to examine the influence of factors on cassava production and production elasticity. Technical efficiency is analyzed using the stochastic frontier production function. The results showed that the factors of seeds, manure, and labor were thought to affect cassava farming. The results of the elasticity analysis of all factors of production are in the rational area (Region II) with a positive value. The results of the technical efficiency analysis show that only the seed variable has a positive and significant value. Based on the results of the calculation of economic efficiency analysis, it shows that the input use of the land area, seeds, manure, and labor is not efficient.
