This paper suggests that there are facts of a fundamentally different kind to be discovered, namely, natural processes that are simultaneously partly physical and partly nonphysical, processes that I call transrobotic. At some point in evolution, life produced a mental world that is beyond computation. Organisms became more than robots. Transrobotic mentality offered an external means of altering some of the otherwise deterministic or probabilistic physical processes taking place within the organism's body. Long before the emergence of consciousness, transrobotic mentality developed a genuine independence from the physical processes that it partially controls. The conscious human self is much more than robotic brain activity. Theories of this kind are often thought to be ruled out because they violate conservation, but local violations are to be expected where and when nonphysical mentality interacts with the physical organism.
Lambek calculus with a relevant modality $!\mathbf{L^*}$ of arXiv:1601.06303 syntactically resolves parasitic gaps in natural language. It resembles the Lambek calculus with anaphora $\mathbf{LA}$ of (J\"ager, 1998) and the Lambek calculus with controlled contraction, $\mathbf{L}_{\Diamond}$, of arXiv:1905.01647v1 which deal with anaphora and ellipsis. What all these calculi add to Lambek calculus is a copying and moving behaviour. Distributional semantics is a subfield of Natural Language Processing that uses vector space semantics for words via co-occurrence statistics in large corpora of data. Compositional vector space semantics for Lambek Calculi are obtained via the DisCoCat models arXiv:1003.4394v1. $\mathbf{LA}$ does not have a vector space semantics and the semantics of $\mathbf{L}_{\Diamond}$ is not compositional. Previously, we developed a DisCoCat semantics for $!\mathbf{L^*}$ and focused on the parasitic gap applications. In this paper, we use the vector space instance of that general semantics and show how one can also interpret anaphora, ellipsis, and for the first time derive the sloppy vs strict vector readings of ambiguous anaphora with ellipsis cases. The base of our semantics is tensor algebras and their finite dimensional variants: the Fermionic Fock spaces of Quantum Mechanics. We implement our model and experiment with the ellipsis disambiguation task of arXiv:1905.01647.
We demonstrate how integrated information and other key notions from Tononi et al.’s Integrated Information Theory (IIT) can be studied within the simple graphical language of process theories (symmetric monoidal categories). This allows IIT to be generalised to a broad range of physical theories, including as a special case the Quantum IIT of Zanardi, Tomka and Venuti, and sets the foundation for a categorical definition of IIT.
In this paper, User Experience (UX) of Intelligent Personal Assistants (IPAs) was investigated through semantic network analysis. As a case study, UX of smart speakers which are a kind of embodied IPAs was investigated through semantic network analysis based on online reviews, identifying what factors are important to UX of IPAs for users. Although there were some limitations, this study contributed to understanding of UX of IPAs, by proposing eleven important factors for UX of IPAs and validating them. This study showed that most of the users satisfied the use of IPAs, although they felt that performance was not completely reliable, which was similar with previous studies related to IPAs. In addition, this study showed the aesthetic aspects are also important for users' enjoyment, which was the interest result. The results of this study are noteworthy and considered to be reflected in the design of IPAs to improve UX of IPAs and satisfy users.
