This study was designed to assess the validity of the maxillary sinus for sex determination using CBCT. This study analyzed 230 CBCT scans of patients aged 18 to 50 years. The patients’ CBCT records were obtained from the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University. Linear and volumetric analyses of the maxillary sinus were performed using the OnDemand 3D software program. Linear analysis involved measuring the height, width, and depth of the maxillary sinus on coronal and axial views, while volumetric analysis was conducted by the software. Using volume for prediction achieved an accuracy of 96.5
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OC-SCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OP-SCC) are major contributors to the global burden of head and neck cancer. This study aimed to evaluate nationwide temporal incidence trends in OC-SCC and OP-SCC in Saudi Arabia between 2000 and 2019, stratified by sex, nationality, region of residence, age group, and stage at diagnosis. A nationwide population-based observational study was conducted using data from the Saudi Cancer Registry (SCR) (2000–2019). Age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates were calculated. Temporal trends with annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were estimated using the Joinpoint Regression Program. A total of 4,185 SCC cases were included, comprising 3,727 (89.1
To identify critical evidence gaps, this scoping review mapped the extent and nature of published research exploring the biological links between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontal disease. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines and a pre-registered protocol (OSF: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WE3XU) a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and Google Scholar identified original human studies assessing clinical periodontal parameters and mechanistic biomarkers in PCOS patients. Screening and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Mapping identified a synergistic pathophysiological network across four domains. The evidence reveals an elevated systemic inflammatory baseline marked by hyper-activated endothelial markers (Endocan) alongside elevated levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), which appears to lower the threshold for local tissue destruction. This is coupled with a compromised antioxidant defense—notably nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) downregulation—and a "microbial dysbiosis" toward pathogenic microbial complexes. However, current data primarily identify mechanistic intersections rather than definitive causality, with the "PCOS-specific" impact often confounded by shared metabolic risk factors like insulin resistance and adiposity. Mapping this evidence reveals a profound overlap between PCOS and periodontitis through shared pathophysiological networks. Advancing this field requires a Core Outcome Set (COS) and well-designed randomized controlled trials. Clinically, recognizing periodontal disease as a potential contributor to the systemic inflammatory burden suggests that integrating routine.
To develop and internally validate the PERI-Score, a pragmatic prognostic index for estimating 36-month periodontitis progression from routinely available clinical, systemic, and behavioural information. In this prospective single-centre cohort study, 350 consecutive adults with periodontitis received non-surgical periodontal therapy and were followed for 36 months during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Progression was operationally defined as clinical attachment loss, represented by an increase (worsening) in clinical attachment level (CAL) of ≥ 2 mm at ≥ 20
Zygomatic and pterygoid implants are reliable graft less options for severely atrophic maxilla rehabilitation. These implant configurations have been explored in many finite element and experimental biomechanical investigations; however, the evidence is scattered, and a systematic review has not been done to analyze their biomechanical performance to thoroughly assess the biomechanical performance of zygomatic and pterygoid implants for severely atrophic maxillae. The systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251130553). We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar since database establishment to June 2026. Stress distribution, strain, implant displacement, micromotion, load transfer, prosthetic framework stress, and peri-implant bone stress were assessed using finite element models and experimental biomechanical tests. Methodological quality was assessed using the ROBFEAD and QUIN tool of risk assessment Thirteen studies were included. Most were finite element analyses, with 2 biomechanics experiments. While isolated zygomatic implants had lower peri-implant stress than pterygoid implants, coupled zygomatic-pterygoid implants improved posterior load transfer, cantilever effects, biomechanical stability, and implant micromotion. The available biomechanical evidence suggests that implant distribution and posterior support may substantially influence mechanical behavior under simulated loading conditions. Combined zygomatic-pterygoid configurations generally demonstrated more favorable load sharing, reduced cantilever-related stress and lower micromotion in the investigated models. However, these findings represent relative biomechanical trends derived predominantly from computational simulations and should not be interpreted as evidence of superior clinical survival or treatment success. Standardized biomechanical studies and prospective clinical investigations are required to determine their clinical relevance.
