Modern cancer care and precision medicine increasingly rely on high quality human tissue yet tissue preservation practices in many healthcare systems remain outdated. Traditional formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues while long established, is poorly suited to modern molecular and multi-omics technologies due to chemical degradation of DNA, RNA, and proteins. In contrast tissue freezing preserves molecular integrity and enables advanced proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and metabolomics analyses that are essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment selection, and biomedical research. To address these disparities, there is a compelling case for adopting a fixed nationally agreed tissue freezing protocol such a protocol should be implemented across all hospitals and aligned with consent, storage, and transport standards. Without a standardized protocol valuable tissue samples may become unsuitable for modern diagnostics ultimately constraining both patient care and scientific advancement.
General anesthesia is known to potentiate parasympathetic activity and weaken sympathetic and baroreflex activity [1]. These effects should be avoided as much as possible because it limits a subject's ability to respond to physiological perturbations during surgery [2]. Therefore, the choice of anesthetic is very important and, no less important, is to know to what extent the tone of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is affected under general anesthesia and the potential impact on the cardiovascular system, which is primarily under ANS control.
Abbreviations: SARS-CoV : Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus; COVID-19 : Coronavirus disease 19; FDA : Food and drug administration; RNA : Ribonucleic acid; CP : Convalescent plasma; IU: International units; IV : Intravenous; CM : Chinese medicines/ medications; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; PI3K : Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms; mTOR : Mammalian Target of Rapamycin kinase/mechanistic Target of Rapamycin; SGK1 : Serine/ threonine-protein kinase; IL- 6R : Interleukin 6 receptor also known as CD126 (Cluster of Differentiation 126); AKG : Alkylglycerols (AKGs); TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β); EMT : Epithelial to mesenchymal transition; CQ: Chloroquine; HCQs : Hydroxychloroquines; MRSA : Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Μm : Micrometer; mg: Milligrams; WHO : World health organization; SLAM: Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule; Vero: Verda Reno which means "green kidney" in Esperanto; pCXN2 : Vero cells with a vector plasmid; pCAG-Hslam : Expression plasmid encoding the human signaling lymphocytic activation molecule. Abstract Amidst the mid of December 2019, a novel coronavirus surfaced in the Wuhan region of China causing outbreaks of respiratory diseases along with assuming a pandemic proportion throughout the world due to its incredibly high airborne dissemination potential. Owing to the lack of efficient and specific treatments and the need to contain the epidemic”, alternative therapies including herbal and Phyto medications, Chinese drugs, convalescent plasma therapy, and vitamin C and D were relied upon for the management of this SARS-CoV pandemic. Drug repurposing and repositioning strategies were also adopted. These alternative therapies may set the stage towards a supplemental alternative and all-inclusive treatment of COVID-19 till a safe, tested and long-lasting protection via a vaccine becomes available for public use.
