This study investigated the effects of temperature (35 °C and 45 °C) and substrate type (potato, Chinese cabbage, radish, apple, tomato, and watermelon rind) on the production and composition of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during anaerobic fermentation of fruit and vegetable waste. The results showed that the organic composition of each substrate substantially influenced its acidogenic performance. Apple and tomato exhibited superior acid-producing efficiency, attributable to their high organic purity (VS/TS > 0.96) and abundant soluble sugars, achieving VFA concentrations of 6858.96 ± 197.9 mg VFA/g VS and 5740.0 ± 159.33 mg VFA/g VS, respectively. Temperature had a pronounced effect on the fermentation process; at 45 °C, most substrates produced higher total VFA yields than at 35 °C, with an average increase of 25.3
This study evaluated a bioprocess using the thermo-acidophilic red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria to convert shrimp- and sludge-derived residues into biomass and pigments. Shrimp residues contained 57
Horse husbandry in Europe has shifted from agricultural production toward leisure, sport, and therapeutic uses in peri-urban areas. Consequently, horse manure has increasingly become a logistical, regulatory, and economic challenge. Controlled composting has long been recognised as a treatment option for horse manure, offering hygienisation, organic matter stabilisation, and improved nutrient predictability. However, despite its technical feasibility, composting remains underutilised in decentralised and small-to-medium horse-keeping systems. This study investigated the potential of compost-based value chains for horse manure within the EU. It combined a comparative literature analysis of horse manure composting with a systematic mapping of compost products, applications, and business models implemented across EU member states. Feedstock-specific properties of horse manure, including bedding-driven carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, emission dynamics, and hygienisation requirements, were linked to market pathways, regulatory frameworks, and organisational archetypes. Results showed that composting transforms horse manure from a disposal burden into a flexible platform for differentiated products, primarily positioned as soil improvers rather than high-effect nitrogen fertilisers. Effective value creation depends on application-driven compost formulation, process control to ensure hygienic and agronomic quality, and organisational models that match spatial context, scale, and regulatory conditions. Centralised, municipal, and decentralised business models each present distinct advantages and constraints, while product differentiation through compost-biochar blends or growing media components offers emerging opportunities. Overall, the study demonstrated that integrating compost science with business model design is essential for unlocking the economic and environmental potential of horse manure in European peri-urban systems.
Potato peel waste (PPW), a major byproduct of the U.S. potato processing industry, is rich in organics of which a major part is lignocellulosic. This study evaluated the influence of thermal pretreatment (165–185 °C, 15 min) on the anaerobic degradability of PPW. Pretreatment improved feedstock solubilization, liberating up to 8.9
Brown seaweeds are the rich source of valuable bioactive compounds with vital bio-functional properties. The present study explores the use of hot water as a green solvent for extraction of bioactive compounds from brown seaweeds (Sargassum polycystum, Turbinaria ornata and Rosenvingea intricata). Extraction was performed at different temperature conditions such as 28.5 °C (A), 70 °C (B) and 90 °C (C). Yield and antioxidant ability of the seaweed extracts was assessed in terms of total phenolic, flavonoid, ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, DNA nicking assay, and deoxyribose assay. Results showed that the extraction carried at temperature 90 °C showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher yield of 9.18 ± 0.03
