The article dwells upon modern principles of diagnostics and therapy of acute tonsillopharyngitis in children given Russian antibiotic resistance peculiarities of Streptococcus pyogenes. The rate of antibiotic prescription in the event of acute tonsillopharyngitis remains unreasonably high in Russia. The disease most often has viral etiology and antibiotic prescription in such a situation is unreasonable. Prescription of systemic antibiotics is indicated only in the event of the confirmed streptococcal etiology of acute tonsillopharyngitis. Use of the express test in routine practice allows confirming or ruling out streptococcal etiology of the disease quickly and effectively; this allows selecting therapy of acute tonsillopharyngitis timely and rationally.
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