Organization of palliative care provided to children with oncology and other life-threatening (fatal) conditions and diseases must be a compulsory part of a state pediatric healthcare service. In this article various organizational issues of the above mentioned service are being discussed. Key words: children, pediatric oncology, palliative care, organization. (Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2011; 10 (3): 16–20)