The monthly incidence of acute bronchitis, acute pneumonia and acute otitis media in orphanages’ children (192 children from 0 to 5 years old living under conditions of combined effects of anthropogenic stress and iodine deficiency) has been compared before and after immunization with pneumococcal vaccine to unvaccinated children, and according to 10-year statistical reports to urban children of the same age groups constantly living in families. During 18 months of observation in two orphanages in babies groups (0-2 y. o.) immunized with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, reduced incidence of acute respiratory diseases, acute bronchitis, decreased incidence of acute pneumonia and otitis media was noted. We have concluded that immunization against pneumococcus promoted the babies and children’s resistance.