РАЗРАБОТКА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОРИСТЫХ УГЛЕРОД-КРЕМНЕЗЕМНЫХ КОМПОЗИТОВ И УГЛЕРОДНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ИЗ РИСОВОЙ ШЕЛУХИ, ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИХ ТЕКСТУРНЫХ И ДИСПЕРСНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК

Rice hulls (RH) is a paddy rice waste product difficult to recycle. The method of RH carbonation in a fluidized bed reactor with a catalyst developed as a way of RH utilization. The ash formed after carbonization at 465-600 °C is carbon-silica nanocomposite material (C/SiO2) containing SiO2 58,7–81,8 weight.% and specific surface SBET = 152–232 m2/g. The porous carbon material with a specific surface area 165–494 m2/g and SiO2 content less than 1% were received during leaching SiO2 by hydrofluoric acid. These materials were characterized by SAXS, TEM and X-ray diffraction. Information about the size of SiO2 particles in the carbon-silica nanocomposites is obtained for the first time. It is found that increases in temperature carbonization from 465 to 600 °C leads to an increase in average size of silica particles from 5,5 to 8,1 nm. It is shown the promise for the development of methods for determining the size of the silica particles in a carbon matrix by SAXS for targeted design of porous carbon materials with predetermined properties. The RH carbonation method in a fluidized bed of catalyst is one of the most promising in terms of processing in RH C/SiO2 nanocomposites and porous carbon materials using approaches template synthesis.