Introduction/Objective: This research aims to analyze the evolution of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) Evaluation System, from its creation to the last four-year evaluation (2017-2020), focusing on the internationalization of Brazilian postgraduate studies. Methodology: This is a descriptive research, with a qualitative approach and interpretative analysis, through bibliographic and documentary data collection techniques, involving scientific articles in the Google Scholar database and information on the Capes website (evaluation forms, area documents and legal frameworks). As a data cut, the Evaluation Forms used were from the knowledge area of Administration, Accounting and Tourism, academic modality. Results: The results highlight: a) implicit presence of internationalization since the beginning of the CAPES evaluation process, manifested through the analysis of academic exchanges and publications in international journals; b) creation of the Proex program, to recognize the excellence of Postgraduate Programs (PPGs) with performance comparable to international centers; c) explicit introduction of internationalization based on the 2017-2020 quadrennial assessment in the “Impact on Society” category; and d) increasing investment in internationalization through programs such as CAPES Internationalization Program (CAPES/PrInt) and Sandwich PhD Program Abroad (PDSE), in addition to the expansion of international agreements. Conclusion: The topic of internationalization is recognized as a necessary element of analysis to assess the quality of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and their respective PPGs, demonstrating that Brazil is willing to invest in higher education on a global scale. Finally, CAPES is intensifying the process of internationalization of PPGs, seeking to increase the number of programs recognized as being of global or international excellence.
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