A Dynamic Non-Invasive Monitoring Platform for Multidimensional Functional Assessment of Kuanxiong Aerosol Against Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a critical clinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease; however, current therapeutic strategies are limited by significant side effects or high invasiveness. Kuanxiong aerosol (KXA), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation clinically used for the relief of angina pectoris, exhibits multi-component and multi-target characteristics that suggest potential antiarrhythmic properties. However, direct cellular-level electrophysiological evidence is lacking. This study established an in vitro myocardial sensing model based on microelectrode array (MEA) technology. This platform supports non-invasive, real-time monitoring with parallel multi-site recording capability and has been used to systematically evaluate KXA’s intervention effects on various types of arrhythmias. We successfully constructed an MEA-based sensing platform using primary rat cardiomyocytes and determined a safe and effective KXA concentration. On this basis, we developed pathological models simulating chronic degenerative lesions and acute drug-induced bradycardia to assess the regulatory effects of KXA on myocardial electrical activity. Experimental results demonstrated that KXA effectively increased cardiomyocyte firing rate, enhanced electrical signal amplitudes, and restored the rhythmicity of calcium transients. This study reveals KXA’s multidimensional intervention effects on arrhythmias and successfully integrates advanced MEA biosensing technology into the dynamic pharmacodynamic evaluation of TCM compounds, providing an innovative bioengineering method for assessing the cardiac function of complex drug systems.