Objective: Bullying is a form of peer aggression that leads to serious psychological and emotional consequences for adolescents. The main objective was to identify distinct latent profiles of bullying involvement, analyze their differences across key emotional and family variables, and evaluate a predictive model in which emotional insecurity within the family system and emotion dysregulation account for variations in bullying involvement and child-to-parent violence. Method: The sample comprised 691 adolescents aged 13-17 years (51.8% boys). Latent class analysis and structural equation modeling were used to examine bullying profiles and associations among variables. Results: Three distinct latent bullying involvement profiles were identified. Findings indicated that emotional insecurity, emotion dysregulation, and child-to-parent violence were significantly associated with bullying involvement. The most notable result was that emotional insecurity plays a key role in bullying involvement both directly and indirectly through emotion dysregulation. A moderate positive association between bullying and child-to-parent violence was found. Compared with males, females showed higher levels of emotional insecurity and emotion dysregulation and lower levels of bullying perpetration. Conclusion: The findings highlight emotional insecurity as a crucial mechanism linking family and peer contexts, reinforcing the ecological view that family dynamics shape adolescents' emotion regulation and social adjustment. Interventions should therefore integrate family-based and emotional components to effectively prevent bullying and related forms of violence.
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