A Secure and Energy-Efficient Data Aggregation Protocol Based on Directed Diffusion

Directed diffusion is a data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks. In directed diffusion, interest and exploratory data are disseminated by flooding, which will bring broadcast storm resulting in substantial energy consumption of networks. Grid-based directed diffusion can improve the energy efficiency where geographic grids are constructed by self-organization of nodes using location information. The flooding of interest and exploratory data is limited in grid head nodes. But grid-based directed diffusion considers less about security. To adapt to environments with high security requirements, secure grid head election, attack detection and secure data aggregation schemes are added to grid-based directed diffusion. The simulation experiments show that the proposed security protocol extends the lifetime of network, and restrains malicious nodes. So the protocol improves the accuracy of data aggregation results when network is under attacks.