Neolithization is one of a handful of major social and economic processes that affected the entire Mediterranean, even if in quite different ways across different periods and regions. Everywhere, however, its impact was substantial, affecting also other parts of Europe and West Asia. It is therefore with good reason that the study of Neolithization has a long and distinguished track-record going back, at least, to the work of Childe, who first characterized Neolithization as a revolution (Childe 1925: 15). He would eventually go on to describe it more fully (Childe 1942: 48) as an ‘economic and scientific revolution’, even using the term ‘revolutionaries’ to refer to the people involved—whom we would now call ‘social actors’ (Gamble 2007: 10-26). In Childe’s understanding, migration and agriculture were the cornerstones of the Neolithic revolution, and these two phenomena have remained central to academic debates about Neolithization to this day.
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