Artificial Intelligence in Implementation Science and Practice: a Living Scoping Review

Artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses computational systems that perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, including machine learning, generative AI, and agentic applications. The use of AI to support implementation activities is growing, but its applications and evaluation remain poorly characterised. We conducted the first cycle of a living scoping review to identify how AI is being used and evaluated across implementation science and practice. We followed JBI and Cochrane guidance and reported findings per PRISMA-ScR and PRISMA-LSR. We searched six databases through April 6, 2026, and included sources describing or evaluating AI to support implementation research or practice activities. We excluded adjacent uses such as knowledge synthesis automation. We extracted study characteristics, AI approaches, implementation tasks, evaluation methods, outcomes, and risks, and synthesised findings descriptively. We identified 7,203 records and included 40 sources, 34 (85