BIOMASS: ESA’s P-Band SAR Mission

Klaus Scipal,Clement Albinet, Michele Caccia, Adriano Carbone,Nuno Carvalhais,Jerome Chave,Jorgen Dall, Michael Fehringer,Antonio Leanza,Thuy Le Toan, Maktar Malik, Antonio Novelli,Philippe Paillou, Kostas P. Papathanassiou, Janice Patterson,Muriel Pinheiro,Shaun Quegan,Markus Reichstein,Bjorn Rommen,Sassan Saatchi, Herman H. Shugart, Tristan Simon,Stefano Tebaldini, Lars M. H. Ulander,Antonio Valentino, Philip Willemsen,Mathew Williams

Proceedings of the IEEE（2026）CCF ASCI 1区

European Space Agcy

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摘要

The European Space Agency’s (ESA) BIOMASS mission is a pioneering Earth observation satellite mission launched on April 29, 2025. Utilizing a P-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the objective of BIOMASS is to deliver estimates of above-ground forest biomass, forest height (FH), and forest disturbance (FD), with unprecedented accuracy. The mission’s primary scientific goal is to quantify the distribution and changes in forest biomass, thereby reducing uncertainties in carbon flux estimates and informing climate models. The satellite’s advanced instrumentation and innovative approach allow it to penetrate dense forest canopies, capturing data even in challenging environments. The mission will operate in two distinct phases: the tomographic phase and the interferometric phase, which will support polarimetric interferometric SAR (Pol-InSAR) and tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) processing. Additionally, BIOMASS will provide valuable observational data for ice sheets, deserts, the ionosphere, below canopy topography, and other domains.

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关键词

BIOMASS,carbon cycle,P band,SAR polarimetry,SAR tomography,satellite,synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry

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