Comparative Role of Compost, Press Mud and Moringa Leaf Extract to Eliminate the Stress and Growth of Maize in Cadmium Polluted Soil

Cadmium contamination in croplands is recognized as one of the major threats, seriously affecting soil health and sustainable agriculture around the globe. Cd mobility in wastewater irrigated soils can be curtailed through eco-friendly and cost effective organic soil amendments compost (CP), press mud (PM) and moringa leaf extract (ME) at 3% rate that eventually reduces its translocation from polluted soil to plant. This study explored the possible effects of various types of organic soil amendments on cadmium (Cd) phytoavailability in wastewater degraded soil and its subsequent accumulation in maize tissues. Maize plant was grown in Ghazi University as a test plant and Cd accumulation was recorded in its tissues, translocation from root to shoot, chlorophyll contents, plant biomass, yield and soil properties (pH, NPK, OM and Soluble Cd) were also examined. Results revealed that the addition of amendments significantly minimized Cd mobility in soil by 45.8%, 23% and 19.4% when CP, PM and ME were added at 3% over control. Comparing the control soil, Cd uptake effectively reduced via plants shoots by 33.3%, 27.7% and 19.4% when CP, PM and ME. In addition, NPK were significantly increased among all the added treatments in the soil-plant system as well as improved chlorophyll contents relative to non-treated soil. The Current study suggested that among all the amendments, compost at 3% rate performed well and might be considered a suitable approach for maize growth in polluted soil.