The term Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) refers to a class of computational algorithms that are inspired by processes apparent in the natural immune system. As such, they belong to a wider family of biologically inspired algorithms such as evolutionary algorithms, ant-colony algorithms and other swarm inspired algorithms for example. The natural immune system can in the simplest case be viewed as a body-defense system, or more generally as a body-maintenance system of which defense is a special case. From a computer science perspective, it attracted interest due to the recognition that in order to fulfill its defense role, the natural immune system utilizes a number of mechanisms that lead to useful functionalities such as learning and memory that are key elements in many types of problem solving activities typical in computer science. This has led to a variety of applications in domains such as optimization and machinelearning as with other biologically inspired algorithms. As such, it can be viewed as a complementary technique to many existing algorithms.
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