head output the first part of files -n: print the first lines -n -: print all but the last lines tail -n: print the last lines -n + : print, starting from line wc print newline, word, and byte counts for each file -c: print byte counts -m: print the character counts -w: print the word counts -l: print the newline counts grep print lines matching a pattern -E: support extended regexp -i: ignore case -v: invert match -o: print only the matched part (output: one line per match) -f: obtain patterns from file -l: files with match -L: files without match -c: suppress normal output, instead count matching lines. -m: Stop reading a file after matching lines seq print a sequence of numbers -s: separator (default: \n) split split a file into pieces cut remove sections from each line of files -d: Use instead oft ab as field separator -f: select only fields in --output-delimiter= : use as output delimiter paste merge lines of files -d: use as output delimiter tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters -c: use the complement of set1 -d: delete the characters in set1 -s: replace each sequence of a repeated character with a single character sort sort lines of text files -n: numeric sort -r: reverse sort -R: random shuffle -c: check, if sorted, do not sort -t: field separator -k : sort according to keydef : F[.C][OPTS][,F[.C][OPTS]] -u: output only the first of equal lines join join lines of two files on a common field
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