In July, 1912, Dr. A. Theiler, C. M. G., Director of Veterinary Research (Union of South Africa), Pretoria, sent this Commission several blood preparations taken from horses and dogs supposed to be suffering from nagana. Much to the surprise of the Commission, a large percentage of these trypanosomes showed posterior-nuclear forms. This disposed of the contention that the so-called Trypanosoma rhodesiense could be distinguished from other species of trypanosomes by this peculiarity, and first led the Commission to suspect that T. rhodesiense was in reality T. brucei . Dr. Theiler was then asked to send the living strain through to the Commission in Nyasaland, and this, after several failures, was at last successful.