Development of Recombinant BCG Vaccine That Can Be Used in Individuals Infected with the AIDS Virus

It cannot be used for HIV-infected children in the setting of BCGosis such as disseminated BCG. On the other hand, it has been reported that BCG is effective against TB in simian AIDS virus infection. We attempted to develop an attenuated BCG vaccine that is as effective as or better than existing BCG and can be used in AIDS virus-infected individuals. SOCS1 plays a key role in the negative regulation of JAK/STAT signaling, which is involved in innate immunity and subsequent adaptive immunity. In this study, we report the vaccine efficacy and safety of this rBCG-SOCS1DN in AIDS virus-infected NHPs. Simian Immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infected cynomolgus macaques were immunized with rBCG-SOCS1DN, and vaccine effects and safety were examined. When comparing the local reactions following intradermal administration of rBCG-SOCS1DN and BCG Tokyo, no significant difference was observed in the local lesions in naive cynomolgus monkeys. However, local lesions were clearly more severe with BCG Tokyo in SIV-infected cynomolgus monkeys. On the other hand, the local lesions showed almost no change, similar to those in naive cynomolgus monkeys with BCG-SOCS1DN.. The vaccine efficacy of rBCG-SOCS1DN was found to be similar to or higher than that of BCG Tokyo to Mtb Erdman strain infection. These results suggest that BCG-SOCS1DN has low side effects with high vaccine efficacy and can be used in AIDS virus infected individuals. Vaccines and Immunotherapy (VAC)