Dynamic Match Regulation Strategy for Dendrite-Free Zn Anode.

The undesirable Zn-dendrite growth seriously impedes the development of aqueous zinc metal batteries. Compared to thermodynamic improvements reported in most strategies, kinetic manipulation is neglected, limiting the deep research on metal plating process and narrowing the solution design for dendrite-free anode. In this work, a dynamic match regulation strategy is proposed to build dendrite-free zinc anode inspired by the close association between dendrite formation and dynamic mismatch. The dynamic transition is proved to reflect the morphology change from block deposits to dendrite growth. Then, imidazolidinyl urea, is developed as interfacial regulator to restrict the kinetic gap between charge transfer and interfacial diffusion and ensure consistent dynamic model during continuous plating, contributing to uniform deposition layer without dendrite generation under a high capacity of 10 mAh cm-2. The Zn anode also delivers both high CE of over 99.70% and extended lifetime of 1700 h under 20%DOD. This work not only proves the effectiveness of kinetic regulation in dendrite suppression, but also provides a new dimension of interfacial dynamic design for metal anode stabilization.