Efficient Direct Regeneration of Spent LiFePO4 from Various Degradation States for Sustainable Battery Recycling.

Efficient regeneration of spent LiFePO4 is essential for the sustainable management of end-of-life electric vehicle batteries, given their significant market share. A universal method capable of directly regenerating spent LiFePO4 from cells with varying states of health is crucial for practical implementation. Herein, we developed an oxalic acid/lithium hydroxide-based regeneration approach that effectively restores mixed spent LiFePO4, achieving a high specific capacity of 163.1 mA h g-1 at 0.1C.