ArticlesEnzymatic Basis for Active Transport of Na+ and K+ Across Cell MembraneJ. C. SkouJ. C. SkouPublished Online:01 Jul 1965https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1965.45.3.596MoreSectionsPDF (3 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation CollectionsAPS Cross-Journal Collections125th Anniversary Collection Cited ByIs anammox a promising treatment process for nitrogen removal from nitrogen-rich saline wastewater?Bioresource TechnologyRegulation of Neuronal Na,K-ATPase by Extracellular Scaffolding Proteins29 July 2018 | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 19, No. 8Effect of polygodial and its direct derivatives on the mammalian Na + /K + -ATPase activityEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 831Chemiresistive nanosensors with convex/concave structuresNano Today, Vol. 20Polymeric Ion Pumps: Using an Oscillating Stimulus To Drive Solute Transport in Reactive Membranes13 March 2018 | Langmuir, Vol. 34, No. 15A thermodynamic description for physiological transmembrane transport14 September 2018 | F1000Research, Vol. 7Repeated threat (without direct harm) alters metabolic capacity in select regions that drive defensive behaviorNeuroscience, Vol. 353Oleic Acid and Lung InjuryTeleost fish osmoregulation: what have we learned since August Krogh, Homer Smith, and Ancel KeysDavid H. 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Scherzer, I. Nachliel, E. Ziv, H. Bar-On, and M. M. Popovtzer1 December 2000 | American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, Vol. 279, No. 6Sodium-Sulfate Symport by Aplysia californica GutZoological Science, Vol. 17, No. 5Decreased abundance of major Na+ transporters in kidneys of rats with ischemia-induced acute renal failureTae-Hwan Kwon, Jørgen Frøkiær, Jin Suk Han, Mark A. Knepper, and Søren Nielsen1 June 2000 | American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, Vol. 278, No. 6Dynamics and Consequences of Potassium Shifts in Skeletal Muscle and Heart During ExerciseOle M. 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Protection by silymarinLife Sciences, Vol. 48, No. 11Release of pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone connecting peptides PS4 and PS5 from perifused rat hypothalamic slicesNeuroscience, Vol. 44, No. 1Tissue atpase activity and recovery in the freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex exposed to a sublethal concentration of endosulfan for varying periods of timeComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 99, No. 3In vivo and in vitro effects of aldrin on rat brain synaptosomal Mg2+ and Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphataseBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 40, No. 7Heterogeneous distribution of cytochrome oxidase activity in the rat substantia nigra: correlation with tyrosine hydroxylase and dynorphin immunoreactivitiesBrain Research, Vol. 529, No. 1-2Interactions of methylmercury with rat primary astrocyte cultures: inhibition of rubidium and glutamate uptake and induction of swellingBrain Research, Vol. 530, No. 2Accumulation of chloroquine by membrane preparations from Plasmodium falciparumMolecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Vol. 42, No. 2Effects of ions and ionic channel activators or blockers on release of α-MSH from perifused rat hypothalamic slicesMolecular Brain Research, Vol. 8, No. 2Effect of mercuric chloride on the kinetics of cationic and substrate activation of the rat brain microsomal ATPase systemBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 39, No. 12Effect of morphine on Na+, K+ -ATPase from homogenate of synaptosomes and of synaptic membrane of rat cerebral cortexBrain Research, Vol. 510, No. 1The concentration of the Na,K-pump in skeletal and heart muscle in congestive heart failureInternational Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 26, No. 2Modification of silver-enhanced sodium transport across toad skinComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 95, No. 4Characterization of fatty acid interaction with ouabain and vanadate binding to (Na+ + K+)-activated ATPaseBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 986, No. 1Metabolic adjustments to dynamic hypoxic hypoxemia in feline brain tissueBrain Research, Vol. 486, No. 1Cytochrome oxidase: an endogenous metabolic marker for neuronal activityTrends in Neurosciences, Vol. 12, No. 3Oral magnesium supplementation in patients with essential hypertension.Hypertension, Vol. 13, No. 3Evidence for Cl− exchangers in perfused Carcinus gillsComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 92, No. 3Biomines-stimulated phosphorylation and (Na+, K+-ATPase in the gills of the chinese crab, Eriocheir sinensisComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 94, No. 3Digoxin-stimulated calcium transport across rat diaphragm interactions with aminophylline and verapamilGeneral Pharmacology: The Vascular System, Vol. 20, No. 6Pharmacological studies of voltage-sensitive Ca2+-channels involved in the release of vasoactive intestinal peptide evoked by K+ in mouse cerebral cortical slicesNeuroscience, Vol. 30, No. 2[26] Impact of methodology on studies of anion transport: An overviewPrinciples of selectivity of sodium and potassium binding sites of the Na+/K+-ATPase. A corollary hypothesisBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 946, No. 1Relation of left ventricular function and Na,K-pump concentration in suspected idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathyThe American Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 61, No. 15Effects of lead and natriuretic hormone on kinetics of sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase: possible relevance to hypertension.Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 78Measurement of the cytosolic sodium ion concentration in rat brain synaptosomes by a fluorescence methodBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 940, No. 2Evidence for synergism between copper and prostaglandin E2 in stimulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from median eminence explants: Na+/Cl− requirementsMolecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Vol. 56, No. 1-2Distinction between the intermediates in Na+-ATPase and Na+,K+-ATPase reactions. I. Exchange and hydrolysis kinetics at millimolar nucleotide concentrationsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 937Inhibition of insulin receptors by vanadate and ouabainLife Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 19Inhibitors of cation pump enzyme equally present in normal and ischemic gerbil brainLife Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 20Sodium and chloride transport across the molluscan gutComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 90, No. 4Purification and characterization of gill (Na+, K+)-ATPase in the freshwater crayfish Orconectes limosus rafinesqueComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 89, No. 1Cell volume maintenance and volume regulatory decrease in malpighian tubule cells of an inspect, Rhodnius prolixusComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 90, No. 4Arachidonate activates muscle electrogenic sodium pump and brain microsome Na+,K+-ATPase under suboptimal conditionsBrain Research, Vol. 436, No. 1Evidence for a role of the sodium pump of hepatocytes in the control of food intakeJournal of the Autonomic Nervous System, Vol. 20, No. 3Regional changes of brain Na+, K+-transporting adenosine triphosphatase related to ovarian functionBrain Research, Vol. 416, No. 1Androgens stimulate preoptic area Na+,K+-ATPase activity in male ratsNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 78, No. 1Depolarization of brain cortex slices and synaptosomes by lithium. Determination of K+ -equilibrium potential in cortex slicesBrain Research, Vol. 410, No. 2Inhibition by p-nitrophenylphosphate of acetylcholine release induced by Na+-deprivationBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 36, No. 6Sarcolemmal ATPase activities of the rat heart ventricle—dependence on age and sodium ionComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 86, No. 4Regulation of the sodium pump: how and why?Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Vol. 12A model for allosteric regulation of Na+/K+-transporting ATPaseBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes, Vol. 864, No. 2Identification of a ouabain-like compound in toad skin and plasma as a bufodienolide derivativeLife Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 14A laboratory experiment on the purification of catalaseBiochemical Education, Vol. 14, No. 2The effect of vanadate on Na+, K+-ATPase activity of mouse cerebral cortex during bicuculline-induced seizuresBrain Research, Vol. 363, No. 1Bioelectrical potentials across the mantle epithelium of Achatina fulicaComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 83, No. 3Mitochondrial respiratory control in the myocardiumBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Bioenergetics, Vol. 853, No. 2A reproducible procedure for measuring sodium transport in cultured human fibroblasts from normal and obese donorsClinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 153, No. 3Ultracytochemical localization of ouabain-sensitive K+-dependent, p-nitrophenyl phosphatase in myelinBrain Research, Vol. 343, No. 1Changes in extracellular potassium accumulation produced by opioids and naloxone in frog spinal cord: Relation to changes of Na/1b-K pump activityNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 59, No. 3The effect of opioids and of naloxone on Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase activity in frog spinal cord membrane fractionsNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 59, No. 3Kinetics of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase: analysis of the influence of Na+ and K+ by steady-state kineticsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 818, No. 2ULTRACYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF PLASMA MEMBRANE-ASSOCIATED PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN DEVELOPING TOBACCO SEEDS1 May 1985 | American Journal of Botany, Vol. 72, No. 5Effect of chronic administration of acetaldehyde by inhalation on (Na+ + K+)-activated adenosine triphosphatase activity of rat brain membranesToxicology, Vol. 34, No. 4Elevation of red cell sodium-lithium countertransport in hyperlipidemiasLife Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 7Hyperpolarization of mouse skeletal muscle plasma membrane induced by extracellular NADHBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 775, No. 1Effects of acetylcholine and caerulein on 86Rb+ efflux in the mouse pancreas. Evidence for a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransport systemBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 775, No. 1“Calcium antagonists” and “calcium agonists”: Is there a place in pharmacology for these two misnomers?Life Sciences, Vol. 35, No. 5Effects of growth in low potassium medium or ouabain on membrane Na,K-ATPase, cation transport, and contractility in cultured chick heart cells.Circulation Research, Vol. 55, No. 1Influence of lactate accumulation on Na+,K+-ATPase activity of ischemic and post-ischemic brainBrain Research, Vol. 303, No. 1Rodent Epidermal Langerhans Cells Demonstrate Greater Histochemical Specificity for ADP Than for ATP and AMPJournal of Investigative Dermatology, Vol. 82, No. 5Vanadate and its significance in biochemistry and pharmacologyBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 33, No. 7Water extraction by the major ampullate duct during silk formation in the spider, Argiope aurantia LucasJournal of Insect Physiology, Vol. 30, No. 7Effects of T-2 toxin on glucose and tryptophan uptake and intestinal mucosal enzymesToxicon, Vol. 22, No. 1Modifiers of active chloride transport across Aplysia californica intestineComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 78, No. 3Characterization of NaK ATPase from the gills of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man)Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 79, No. 1Inhibition of Adenosine Triphosphatases in Vitro by Silver Nitrate and Silver Sulfadiazine5 September 2016 | Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Vol. 3, No. 1Effect of chlordecone on pH and temperature dependent substrate activation kinetics of rat brain synaptosomal ATPasesBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 32, No. 21Brush border Mg2+-HCO3−-ATPase, supernatant carbonic anhydrase and other enzyme activities isolated from rat intestinal mucosa: Effect of adrenalectomy and aldosterone administrationJournal of Steroid Biochemistry, Vol. 19, No. 4Physiological and pharmacological properties of vanadiumLife Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 14Effect of cadmium chloride on rat brain synaptosomal ATPasesToxicology Letters, Vol. 18, No. 3MG 2+ , K + -DEPENDENT PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY DURING SEED DEVELOPMENT IN NICOTIANA TABACUM1 August 1983 | American Journal of Botany, Vol. 70, No. 7Effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde on hepatic plasma membrane ATPasesBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 32, No. 11Mechanism of the involvement of monoamine oxidase in the regulation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase in rat brainBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, Vol. 757, No. 2In vivo effect of mercuric chloride on tissue ATPases of Notopterus notopterusToxicology Letters, Vol. 16, No. 3-4Stimulation of neuronal Na − ,K − -ATpase by calciumBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 32, No. 7Energetics of sodium transport in the kidneyBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, Vol. 762, No. 2Dependence of Na+Ca2+ exchange and Ca2+Ca2+ exchange on monovalent cationsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 729, No. 1Correlation of brain glucose utilization and cortical electrical activity during development of brain oxygen toxicityBrain Research, Vol. 262, No. 2Plasma membrane NADH dehydrogenase and Ca2+-dependent potassium transport in erythrocytes of several animal speciesBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 727, No. 2Na+/K+ Atpase and cell growth: Effect of epidermal growth factor on the enzymatic activity in chick embryo epidermis during the embryonal developmentInternational Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 15, No. 1A carrier enzyme basis for ammonium excretion in teleost gill. NH+4-stimulated Na-dependent ATPase activity in Opsanus betaComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 74, No. 4Molecular aspects of the trophic influence of nerve on muscleProgress in Neurobiology, Vol. 21, No. 3Effect of sulfhydryl group reagents on the crayfish stretch receptor neuronComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 75, No. 2Effect of silver on sodium transport across toad skinComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 75, No. 2Cerebral Na + , K + -ATPase Activity during Exposure to and Recovery from Acute Ischemia29 June 2016 | Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, Vol. 2, No. 4Detergent effects of kinetic properties of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase from kidney membranesBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 692, No. 2A simple technique for determining contractility, intraventricular pressure, and heart rate in the anesthetized guinea pigJournal of Pharmacological Methods, Vol. 8, No. 3Basic phospholipase A2 from Naja nigricollis snake venom: Phospholipid hydrolysis and effects of electrical and contractile activity of the rat heartToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 66, No. 1Potentiating and depressive effects of ouabain and potassium-free solutions on rat mesenteric resistance vessels.Circulation Research, Vol. 51, No. 4BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF Mg 2+ , K + -DEPENDENT, DIETHYLSTILBESTROL-INHIBITED PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN THE OVULES OF SAINTPAULIA IONANTHA BEFORE FERTILIZATION1 September 1982 | American Journal of Botany, Vol. 69, No. 8Leucocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase and leukemiaClinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 123, No. 1-2Mechanism of the Na+, K+ pump protein structure and conformations of the pureBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes, Vol. 694, No. 1Cytochemical localization of ouabain-sensitive, K+-dependent p-nitro-phenylphosphatase (transport ATPase) in the mouse central and peripheral nervous systemsBrain Research, Vol. 243, No. 2Effects of chlordecone and its structural analogs on p-nitrophenyl phosphataseToxicology Letters, Vol. 12, No. 2-3Localization of (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase, Ca2+ pump and other ATPase activities in cardiac sarcolemmaBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 688, No. 3Brain (Na+,K+)-ATPase: Biphasic interaction with erythrosin BBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 31, No. 12The ultrastructural development of distal nephron segments in the human fetal kidneyAnatomy and Embryology, Vol. 164, No. 1Sulphydryl groups of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase from rectal glands of Squalus acanthiasBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 688, No. 1Influence of thyroid hormone on (Na+ + K+)-dependent adenosine triphosphatase activity in rat submandibular glandsArchives of Oral Biology, Vol. 27, No. 1Effects of sodium-transport inhibitors on diuresis and mid-gut (Na+ + K+)-ATPase in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitansJournal of Insect Physiology, Vol. 28, No. 6Strategy for the discovery and development of a positive inotropic agentPharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol. 16, No. 3DigitalisPharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol. 18, No. 1Identity of ultrastructural effects of mercuric chloride and methyl mercury after intracerebral injectionToxicology, Vol. 23, No. 2-3Effect of laticauda semifasciata (sea snake) venom on sodium transport across the frog skinComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 72, No. 4Effects of hydrostatic pressure on Na transport in the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkiiComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 71, No. 2Cerebrospinal fluid markers of disturbed brain cell metabolismProgress in Neurobiology, Vol. 18, No. 2-3The neurochemical correlates of memoryProgress in Neurobiology, Vol. 18, No. 2-3Inhibition of the active transport of d-glucose and l-tyrosine by DDT and DDE in the rat small intestineComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 71, No. 1Inhibition of dog brain synaptosomal Na+-K+ ATPase and K+-stimulated phosphatase activities by long chain n-alkyl-amine and -piperidine, and N″-alkylnicotinamide derivativesBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 30, No. 23Mechanism of grayanotoxin III-induced afterpotentials in feline cardiac purkinje fibersEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 75, No. 4Gentamicin nephrotoxicity I. Acute biochemical correlates in ratsToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 61, No. 2Plasma membrane phosphate transport and extracellular phosphate concentration in the regulation of cellular respiration in isolated perfused rat heartBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 637, No. 3Cytochemical study on enzyme activity associated with cerebrospinal fluid secretion in the choroid plexus and ventricular ependymaBrain Research, Vol. 222, No. 2Total ischemia in dog hearts, in vitro 2. High energy phosphate depletion and associated defects in energy metabolism, cell volume regulation, and sarcolemmal integrity.Circulation Research, Vol. 49, No. 4Does Na,K-ATPase play a role in the regulation of neurotransmitter release by prejunctional α-adrenoceptors?Biochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 30, No. 17Quantitative measurement of [3H]ouabain binding to human skeletal muscle cryostat sectionsJournal of the Neurological Sciences, Vol. 51, No. 3Effects of chronic digitalization on cardiac and renal Na+ + K+-dependent adenosine triphosphate activity and circulating catecholamines in the dog.Circulation Research, Vol. 49, No. 3The steady-state kinetic mechanism of ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by membrane-bound (Na+ + K+)-ATPase from ox brain II. Kinetic characterization of phosphointermediatesBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 643, No. 2Carbonic anhydrase, MG2+-HCO3−-ATPase and MG2+-NA+-K+-ATPase in rat intestinal mucosa: Effects of adrenalectomy and aldosterone administrationJournal of Steroid Biochemistry, Vol. 14, No. 5Isolation of frog heart sarcolemma possessing (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase and Ca2+ pump activitiesBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 643, No. 1Interaction of catecholamines and ethanol on the kinetics of rat brain (Na+ + K+)-ATPaseEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 70, No. 2Nuclear binding of T3 and effects of QO2, Na-K-ATPase, and alpha-GPDH in liver and kidneyD. Somjen, F. Ismail-Beigi, and I. S. 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Evidence that blue light effects alteration in Na+/K+ permeability of the photoreceptor membraneBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 602, No. 1Further evidence that ouabain-resistant variants induced by chemical carcinogens in transformable C3H/10T1/2 Cl 8 mouse fibroblasts are mutantsMutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Vol. 72, No. 2Inhibition by uranyl nitrate of adenosine triphosphatases derived from animal and human tissuesToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 53, No. 3Characterization and localization of catecholamine-susceptible Na-K ATPase activity of rat striatum: Studies using catecholamine receptor (ant)agonists and lesion techniquesBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 29, No. 6The antiarrhythmic effect of potassium and rubidium in strophanthidine toxicityEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 62, No. 1Activities of alkaline phosphatase and Na+-K+-adenosine 5′-triphosphatase in the brain of experimentally produced histidinaemic squirrels (Funambulus palmarum)Neuroscience, Vol. 5, No. 3The effect of desipramine on the noradrenaline stimulated Na-K ATPase of rabbit synaptic membranesBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 29, No. 1The presence of a Na+ATPase activity associated with mammalian brain microsomal fractionsInternational Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 11, No. 1Fluid secretion by isolated Malpighian tubules of the housefly Musca domesticaJournal of Insect Physiology, Vol. 26, No. 4Characterization of antennary gland Na,K-ATPase in the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarki girardComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 65, No. 2Inhibition by digoxin and SC4453 of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase prepared from human heart, guinea-pig heart and guinea-pig brainEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 60, No. 4The use of antithyroid therapy in the treatment of neoplastic conditions with cytotoxic drugsMedical Hypotheses, Vol. 5, No. 12[3H]ouabain binding and dissociation in rabbit colon: Effect of ions and drugsBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 28, No. 21The inhibitory effect of capsaicin on intestinal glucose absorption in vitroToxicology Letters, Vol. 4, No. 5Stimulation of monovalent cation fluxes by electron donors in the human
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