executive summary

nderstanding distribution system water quality is a complex task because it involves not only numerous parameters but also the interactions among these parameters. This article highlights the development of a visualization tool capable of showing all types of information—modeled and measured parameters— simultaneously or independently as a function of space or time. In this study, diversified databases that included such system parameters as structure, hydraulics, and water quality were compiled and explored spatially and temporally through the visualization software. This approach proved to be successful in identifying probable sources of water contamination at a specific sampling point. It also helped establish general relationships between distribution system parameters, i.e., pipe breaks, pipe age, and water pressure, that are often difficult to link. A clearer understanding of the reasons for water quality degradation during distribution is important to water suppliers because research has suggested that such degradation increases the rate of gastrointestinal illnesses. When water quality is questionable, often the only parameters taken into account are measurements of water characteristics. Visualization of multiple parameters at one time enables utilities to pinpoint the source of their water quality problems and distinguish which areas of the distribution system are most at risk.—MPM U