This study extends the scope of the paradata discussion to respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Unlike traditional sampling, RDS relies on existing social networks within a target population. This unique process provides opportunities to produce novel paradata. Specifically, this study examined two types of paradata in RDS: one based on interviewer observations and the other based on recruitment behaviors ascertained from tracking recruitment coupons. We implemented these paradata features in two independent RDS surveys. In an in-person RDS survey of persons who inject drugs in Southeast Michigan, we implemented an interviewer observation questionnaire. This included questions about interviewers' assessments of respondents' understanding of coupon distribution instructions, as well as their expectations regarding respondents' chances to recruit others and to return for a follow-up interview. These observations predicted recruitment success. In a Web-RDS study of Korean Americans, physical distance between linked respondents (such as a respondent and their recruiter) was determined by tracking recruitment coupons and geocoding respondent addresses. Greater geographic distance was associated with a higher likelihood of serious psychological distress. The results demonstrate that the unique features of RDS offer new avenues for utilizing paradata in both methodological and substantive research. These findings warrant further exploration and development of paradata specific to RDS.
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