Abstract Hate crime is defined by the FBI as a criminal offense motivated by bias against the following protected categories: race, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, sexual orientation, disability, gender, and gender identity. There are three official sources of hate crime data in the United States: the Uniform Crime Report (UCR), the National Incident‐Based Reporting System (NIBRS, part of the UCR reporting program), and the NCVS (National Crime Victimization Survey). According to the FBI in 2018, of the 16,039 agencies that participated in the UCR reporting program, 2,026 agencies reported a total of 7,120 hate crime incidents. Both the UCR and NCVS reveal that victims were most commonly targeted due to their perceived race/ethnicity. Recommendations to reduce hate crime include condemnation of the hate incident by community leaders and proper identification and prosecution of criminal acts of hate.
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