Hypothalamic and Genetic Obesity in Experimental Animals: an Autonomic and Endocrine Hypothesis.

Hypothalamic and genetic obesity in experimental animals: an autonomic and endocrine hypothesis.G A Bray, and D A YorkG A Bray, and D A YorkPublished Online:01 Jul 1979https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1979.59.3.719MoreSectionsPDF (15 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformationCited ByLow 24-hour core body temperature as a thrifty metabolic trait driving catch-up fat during weight regain after caloric restrictionJulie Calonne, Denis Arsenijevic, Isabelle Scerri, Jennifer L. Miles-Chan, Jean-Pierre Montani, and Abdul G. Dulloo7 October 2019 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 317, No. 4Impact of obesity as an independent risk factor for the development of renal injury: implications from rat models of obesityKasi C. McPherson, Corbin A. Shields, Bibek Poudel, Brianca Fizer, Alyssa Pennington, Ashley Szabo-Johnson, Willie L. Thompson, Denise C. Cornelius, and Jan M. Williams1 February 2019 | American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, Vol. 316, No. 2Uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind disease-associated leptin variants27 June 2018 | Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 293, No. 33Increased Bile Acid Signals After Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Improve Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) in a Rodent Model of Diet-Induced NASH12 December 2017 | Obesity Surgery, Vol. 28, No. 6Feeding Obese Diabetic Mice a Genistein Diet Induces Thermogenic and Metabolic ChangeJournal of Medicinal Food, Vol. 21, No. 4Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus19 January 2018 | Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Vol. 14, No. 3Subdiaphragmatic Vagotomy With Pyloroplasty Ameliorates the Obesity Caused by Genetic Deletion of the Melanocortin 4 Receptor in the Mouse1 March 2018 | Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol. 12Sympathetic innervation is essential for metabolic homeostasis and pancreatic beta cell function in adult ratsMolecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Vol. 462Physiopathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Secondary Female Hypogonadism1 April 2018Cranial Irradiation Induces Hypothalamic Injury and Late-Onset Metabolic Disturbances in Juvenile Female Rats10 April 2018 | Developmental Neuroscience, Vol. 40, No. 2Neuronal Dnmt1 Deficiency Attenuates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice14 November 2017 | Endocrinology, Vol. 159, No. 1Effect of Ingestion of Rare Sugar Syrup on the Blood Glucose Response in HumansNippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi, Vol. 70, No. 6Epigenetic Mechanisms and Inheritance of Acquired Susceptibility to DiseaseOverview of Animal Models of Obesity15 September 2012 | Current Protocols in Pharmacology, Vol. 58, No. 1Leptin in Anorexia and Cachexia SyndromeInternational Journal of Peptides, Vol. 2012Leptin in human physiology and pathophysiologyChristos S. Mantzoros, Faidon Magkos, Mary Brinkoetter, Elizabeth Sienkiewicz, Tina A. Dardeno, Sang-Yong Kim, Ole-Petter R. Hamnvik, and Anastasia Koniaris1 October 2011 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 301, No. 4Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis Is Associated With Increased DNA Damage and Decreased Survival in Murine Models of ObesityCirculation Research, Vol. 98, No. 1Measurement and Characterization of Energy Expenditure as a Tool in the Development of Drugs for Metabolic Diseases, such as Obesity and Diabetes1 April 2005 | Current Protocols in Pharmacology, Vol. 28, No. 1Physiological roles of prolactin-releasing peptideRegulatory Peptides, Vol. 126, No. 1-2Hypercytolipidemia-Induced Nuclear Lipoapoptosis: Cytochemical Analysis and Integrated Review of Hypogonadal, Diabetes-Obesity Syndrome-Induced Female Reproductive Axis DisruptionMetabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Vol. 2, No. 3Intrauterine Hyperglycemia Increases Insulin Binding Sites but Not Glucose Transporter Expression in Discrete Brain Areas in Term Rat FetusesPediatric Research, Vol. 56, No. 2Feeding response to a potent prolactin-releasing peptide agonist in lean and obese Zucker ratsBrain Research, Vol. 1016, No. 1A mechanism underlying mature-onset obesity: evidence from the hyperphagic phenotype of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mutantsEdward A. Fox, and Mardi S. Byerly1 June 2004 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 286, No. 6p53 Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Fatty Liver Disease25 February 2004 | Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 279, No. 20CommentarySurgical Neurology, Vol. 61, No. 5Disruption of neural signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 causes obesity, diabetes, infertility, and thermal dysregulation22 March 2004 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 101, No. 13Diet-induced obesity in the rat: A model for gestational diabetes mellitusAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol. 190, No. 3Obesity and post-prandial lipid metabolism. Feast or famine?The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, Vol. 15, No. 3Orexins (hypocretins) directly interact with neuropeptide Y, POMC and glucose-responsive neurons to regulate Ca2+ signaling in a reciprocal manner to leptin: orexigenic neuronal pathways in the mediobasal hypothalamusEuropean Journal of Neuroscience, Vol. 19, No. 6β-Adrenergic Receptors and Regulation of Energy Expenditure: A Family AffairAnnual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 44, No. 1Polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate hepatic steatosis in obese mice by SREBP-1 suppressionHepatology, Vol. 38, No. 6Central nervous determination of food storage—a daily switch from conservation to expenditure: implications for the metabolic syndromeEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 480, No. 1-3Interactions of Leptin, GH, and Cortisol in Normal ChildrenAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 997, No. 1β-Adrenergic Receptors, Diet-induced Thermogenesis, and Obesity4 June 2003 | Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 278, No. 32p53 Activation in Adipocytes of Obese Mice6 May 2003 | Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 278, No. 28High-insulinogenic nutrition—an etiologic factor for obesity and the metabolic syndrome?Metabolism, Vol. 52, No. 7Temporal changes in the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus of the developing rat brainMolecular Brain Research, Vol. 115, No. 1Fasting increases gene expressions of uncoupling proteins and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in brown adipose tissue of ventromedial hypothalamus-lesioned ratsLife Sciences, Vol. 72, No. 26Suppression of insulin secretion is associated with weight loss and altered macronutrient intake and preference in a subset of obese adults14 February 2003 | International Journal of Obesity, Vol. 27, No. 2Agouti-related protein prevents self-starvation27 February 2003 | Molecular Psychiatry, Vol. 8, No. 2Blood Glucose Dynamics and Control of Meal Initiation: A Pattern Detection and Recognition TheoryL. Arthur Campfield, and Françoise J. Smith1 January 2003 | Physiological Reviews, Vol. 83, No. 1Leptin: a review of its peripheral actions and interactions13 November 2002 | International Journal of Obesity, Vol. 26, No. 11Menstrual status and serum leptin levels in anorectic and in menstruating women with low body mass indexesFertility and Sterility, Vol. 78, No. 2Adipose tissue-specific increase in angiotensinogen expression and secretion in the obese (fa/fa) Zucker ratIsabelle Hainault, Guillaume Nebout, Sophie Turban, Bernadette Ardouin, Pascal Ferré, and Annie Quignard-Boulangé1 January 2002 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 282, No. 1Adrenoceptors, Uncoupling Proteins, and Energy Expenditure29 November 2016 | Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 226, No. 11Overview of Rodent Models for Obesity Research1 February 2002 | Current Protocols in Neuroscience, Vol. 17, No. 1Rationale for the existence of additional adipostatic hormones1 September 2001 | The FASEB Journal, Vol. 15, No. 11Ghrelin: An orexigenic and somatotrophic signal from the stomachNature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 2, No. 8Expression of apoptosis on rat liver by hepatic vagus hyperactivity after ventromedial hypothalamic lesioningTakayoshi Kiba, Satoru Saito, Kazushi Numata, Yasuhiro Kon, Tetsuya Mizutani, and Hisahiko Sekihara1 May 2001 | American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, Vol. 280, No. 5Metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle overexpressing GLUT4: effects on muscle and physical activityThe FASEB Journal, Vol. 15, No. 6Orexinergic innervation of POMC-containing neurons in the rat arcuate nucleusNeuroreport, Vol. 12, No. 3Effect of food deprivation and leptin repletion on the plasma levels of estrogen (E2) and NADPH-d reactivity in the ventromedial and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus in the female ratsBrain Research, Vol. 887, No. 1Transgenic study of energy homeostasis equation: implications and confounding influences1 November 2000 | The FASEB Journal, Vol. 14, No. 14Effects of fructose and glucose on plasma leptin, insulin, and insulin resistance in lean and VMH-lesioned obese ratsAsako Suga, Tsutomu Hirano, Haruaki Kageyama, Toshimasa Osaka, Yoshio Namba, Masatomi Tsuji, Masakazu Miura, Mitsuru Adachi, and Shuji Inoue1 April 2000 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 278, No. 4Urocortin in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus acts as an inhibitor of feeding behavior in ratsBrain Research, Vol. 861, No. 1Diazoxide down‐regulates leptin and lipid metabolizing enzymes in adipose tissue of Zucker rats1 March 2000 | The FASEB Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of Canine Leptin.Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, Vol. 62, No. 2Obesity: Autonomic circuits versus feeding1 July 1999 | Nature Medicine, Vol. 5, No. 7Obesity and AgingClinics in Geriatric Medicine, Vol. 15, No. 2Plasma leptin levels and triglyceride secretion rates in VMH-lesioned obese rats: a role of adiposityAsako Suga, Tsutomu Hirano, Shuji Inoue, Masatomi Tsuji, Toshimasa Osaka, Yoshio Namba, Masakazu Miura, and Mitsuru Adachi1 April 1999 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 276, No. 4Regulation of Body Weight in HumansEric Jéquier, and Luc Tappy1 April 1999 | Physiological Reviews, Vol. 79, No. 2Feeding effects of hypothalamic injection of melanocortin 4 receptor ligandsBrain Research, Vol. 809, No. 2Efficacy of exogenous recombinant murine leptin in lean and obese 10- to 12-mo-old female CD-1 miceMary Ann Pelleymounter, Mary Jane Cullen, Denis Healy, Randy Hecht, Dwight Winters, and Michael McCaleb1 October 1998 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 275, No. 4Syndrome X-like alterations in adult female rats due to neonatal insulin treatmentMetabolism, Vol. 47, No. 7Vagotomy in young obese hyperglycemic mice: effects on syndrome development and islet proliferationAnders Edvell, and Per Lindström1 June 1998 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 274, No. 6Glucose-Induced Intracellular Ion Changes in Sugar-Sensitive Hypothalamic NeuronsIan A. Silver, and Maria Erecinska1 April 1998 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 79, No. 4A leptin missense mutation associated with hypogonadism and morbid obesity1 March 1998 | Nature Genetics, Vol. 18, No. 3Effect of injection of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides of GAD isozymes into rat ventromedial hypothalamus on food intake and locomotor activityBrain Research, Vol. 784, No. 1-2The Role of the agouti Gene in the Yellow Obese SyndromeThe Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 127, No. 9Effects of ventromedial hypothalamus stimulation on glycogenolysis in rat liver using in vivo microdialysisMetabolism, Vol. 46, No. 8And finally, genes for human obesity1 July 1997 | Nature Genetics, Vol. 16, No. 3Diaphragm structure and function in health and diseaseMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 29, No. 6A major quantitative trait locus determining serum leptin levels and fat mass is located on human chromosome 21 March 1997 | Nature Genetics, Vol. 15, No. 3Overfeeding, autonomic regulation and metabolic consequencesCardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, Vol. 10, No. S1Novel B219/OB receptor isoforms: Possible role of leptin in hematopoiesis and reproduction1 May 1996 | Nature Medicine, Vol. 2, No. 5Reduction of Food Intake and Weight Gain by the ob Protein Requires a Specific Secondary Structure and Is Reversible1 January 1996 | Molecular Medicine, Vol. 2, No. 1Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-RCell, Vol. 83, No. 72,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced anorexia and wasting syndrome in rats: aggravation after ventromedial hypothalamic lesionEuropean Journal of Pharmacology: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Vol. 293, No. 4Defective expression of cytochrome P450 proteins in the liver of the genetically obese Zucker ratEuropean Journal of Pharmacology: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Vol. 293, No. 4Insulin resistance is associated with abnormal dephosphorylation of a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to the major autophosphorylation sites of the insulin receptorMetabolism, Vol. 44, No. 8Development of insulin secretory function in young obese hyperglycemic mice (Umeå )Metabolism, Vol. 44, No. 7Diet, Overfeeding, and Moderate Dietary Restriction in Control Sprague-Dawley Rats: II. Effects on Age-Related Proliferative and Degenerative Lesions2 July 2016 | Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 23, No. 3Metabolic abnormalities linked to obesity: Effects of dexfenfluramine in the corpulent ratMetabolism, Vol. 44Elevated neuronal c-Fos-like immunoreactivity and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in genetically obese (ob/ob) miceBrain Research, Vol. 666, No. 1Effect of dietary lipids and endocrine changes on polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids of pancreas and brown adipose tissue of obese and lean ratsComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 109, No. 2Aspects of hypothalamic neuronal systems in VMH lesion-induced obese ratsJournal of the Autonomic Nervous System, Vol. 48, No. 3The biphasic changes in splenic natural killer cell activity following ventromedial hypothalamic lesions in ratsBrain Research, Vol. 652, No. 1l-Alanine transport in small intestine brush-border membrane vesicles of obese ratsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 1192, No. 2Glucose-dependent alterations of intracellular free calcium by glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36amide) in individual obob mouse β-cellsCell Calcium, Vol. 15, No. 5Hyperinsulinemic obesity and carbohydrate addiction: the missing link is the carbohydrate frequency factorMedical Hypotheses, Vol. 42, No. 5Single gene effect on alcohol preference in the Zucker ratsPharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 47, No. 3Marked reduction of pancreatic insulin content in male ventromedial hypothalamic-lesioned spontaneously non-insulin-dependent diabetic (Goto-Kakizaki) ratsMetabolism, Vol. 43, No. 1Overfeeding-induced obesity in rats: Insulin sensitivity and autonomic regulation of metabolismMetabolism, Vol. 42, No. 12The influence of exercise on energy balance changes induced by ventromedial hypothalamic lesion in the ratPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 54, No. 6Glucose modulation of islet monoamine oxidase activity in lean and obese hyperglycemic miceMetabolism, Vol. 42, No. 11Stress and lipoprotein metabolism: Modulators and mechanismsMetabolism, Vol. 42, No. 9Altered α1-adrenoceptor binding in intact and adrenalectomized obese Zucker rats (fa/fa)Brain Research, Vol. 614, No. 1-2Hypergastric acid secretion in rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesionsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 53, No. 6Body fat and RNA content of VMH neurons in ratsBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 3Yohimbine attenuates clonidine-induced feeding and macronutrient selection in genetically obese (ob/ob) micePharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 43, No. 4Hypothalamic neuropeptide expression after food restriction in Zucker rats: evidence of persistent neuropeptide Y gene activationMolecular Brain Research, Vol. 16, No. 3-4Sympathoadrenal function in genetically obese Zucker ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 52, No. 4Food intake of lean and obese Zucker rats following ventricular infusions of adrenergic agonistsBrain Research, Vol. 587, No. 2Cortisol secretion in relation to body fat distribution in obese premenopausal womenMetabolism, Vol. 41, No. 8Association of monoamine oxidase and malate dehydrogenase with liver peroxisomes of genetically obese (ob/ob and db/db) miceComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 102, No. 3Elevated content and secretion of gut GLI in VMH-lesioned ratsBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 29, No. 1The development of resistance to the lipogenic effects of insulin in brown and white adipose tissue of spontaneously type II diabetic male CBA/CA miceInternational Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 24, No. 6Metabolic approach to atherosclerosis: Effect of gliclazideMetabolism, Vol. 41, No. 5Immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing hormone levels in the hypothalamus of female Wistar fatty ratsNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 138, No. 2The metabolism of noradrenaline in the sheep and the effect of dry matter intake upon the production of a metabolite, urinary vanillylmandelic acidComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 101, No. 3a2-Adrenoceptor density in forebrain areas of Zucker rats: no effect of genetic obesity or antiglucocorticoid treatmentBrain Research, Vol. 574, No. 1-2Subchronic treatment with metformin produces anorectic effect and reduces hyperinsulinemia in genetically obese zucker ratsLife Sciences, Vol. 50, No. 23Urinary organic acid profiles in obese (ob/ob) mice: Indications for the impaired ω-oxidation of fatty acidsMetabolism, Vol. 41, No. 1Hypersecretion of IAPP from the islets of VMH-lesioned rats and obese Zucker ratsDiabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Vol. 15, No. 1Effect of the dietary supplementation with a phosphatidyl-inositol metabolite, glycerophosphorylinositol, on Na+/K+ ATPase activity and body weight in normal ratsThe Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, Vol. 3, No. 1Enhanced sensitivity to anorexia and consumption of drinking water induced by interleukin-1 β in obese yellow miceEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 209, No. 1-2The effects of chronic ventromedial hypothalamic stimulation on weight gain in ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 50, No. 6Effects of adrenalectomy on macronutrient selection patterns in the ratPharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 40, No. 4Hyperinsulinemia and glucose tolerance in obese rats with lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus: Dependence on food intake and route of administrationMetabolism, Vol. 40, No. 10Reduced hypothalamic neurotensin concentrations in the genetically obese diabetic () mouse: Possible relationship to obesityMetabolism, Vol. 40, No. 10Decreased serum lipids, serum insulin and triacylglycerol synthesis in adipose tissue of JCR:LA-corpulent rats treated with benfluorexBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 1085, No. 1Hypothermia and feeding induced simultaneously in rats by perfusion of neuropeptide Y in preoptic areaPharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 39, No. 4Increased β-endorphin and dynorphin concentrations in discrete hypothalamic regions of genetically obese (ob/ob) miceBrain Research, Vol. 555, No. 1Enterostatin (Val-Pro-Asp-Pro-Arg), the activation peptide of procolipase, selectively reduces fat intakePhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 49, No. 6Effects of repeated administration of mifepristone and 8-OH-DPAT on expression of preproneuropeptide Y mRNA in the arcuate nucleus of obese Zucker ratsMolecular Brain Research, Vol. 10, No. 3Microinjection of oxytocin into the dorsal vagal complex decreases pancreatic insulin secretionBrain Research, Vol. 546, No. 2Enterostatin suppresses food intake following injection into the third ventricle of ratsBrain Research, Vol. 544, No. 1PVN-lesioned obese rats maintain ambulatory activity and its circadian rhythmBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 26, No. 3GABA-related feeding control in genetically obese ratsBrain Research, Vol. 540, No. 1-2Bidirectional effects of clonidine on carbohydrate intake in genetically obese (ob/ob) micePharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 38, No. 1Seasonal glucose uptake in marmots (Marmota flaviventris): The role of pancreatic hormonesComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 100, No. 4Satiety function of neurons containing a CCK-like substance in the dorsal parabrachial nucleusPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 48, No. 6Role of corticosterone in adaptive changes in energy expenditure during refeeding after low calorie intakeA. G. Dulloo, J. Seydoux, and L. Girardier1 November 1990 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 259, No. 5Adrenal modulation of the enhanced fat intake subsequent to fastingPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 48, No. 3Food restriction in female Wistar rats. III. Thermotropic transition of membrane lipid and 5'-nucleotidase activity in hepatocytesArchives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Vol. 11, No. 2Action of neurotropin on rat hypothalamic neurons in tissue slicesBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 24, No. 6Individual differences in taste, body weight, and depression in the “helplessness” rat model and in humansBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 24, No. 5Effects of glucose, 2-deoxyglucose, phlorizin, and insulin on food intake of lean and fatty ratsS. Tsujii, and G. A. Bray1 March 1990 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 258, No. 3Estrous cycle irregularities in overfed ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 47, No. 2Age- and diabetes-associated alterations in regional brain norepinephrine concentrations and adrenergic receptor populations in C57BL/KsJ miceDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 51, No. 2The effect of triiodothyronine on glucose utilization in adipocytes from obese ratsInternational Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 22, No. 7Inhibitory effect of a new α-glucosidase inhibitor on fatty liver in Zucker fatty ratsJournal of Hepatology, Vol. 10, No. 1PVN steroid implants: Effect on feeding patterns and macronutrient selectionBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 23, No. 6Insulin binding in the hypothalamus of lean and genetically obese Zucker ratsPeptides, Vol. 10, No. 6Interaction of intracerebroventricular insulin and glucose in the regulation of the activity of sympathetic efferent nerves to brown adipose tissue in lean and obese Zucker ratsBrain Research, Vol. 500, No. 1-2Morphometric analysis of obesity (ob/ob)- and diabetes (db/db)-associated hypothalamic neuronal degeneration in C57BL/KsJ miceBrain Research, Vol. 501, No. 1The nervous system and adipose tissueClinics in Dermatology, Vol. 7, No. 4The metabolic clearance rate of corticosterone in lean and obese male Zucker ratsMetabolism, Vol. 38, No. 6The effects of adrenalectomy, corticotropin releasing factor and vasopressin on the sympathetic firing rate of nerves to interscapular brown adipose tissue in the Zucker ratPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 45, No. 6Effects of food restriction and adrenalectomy in rats with VMH or PVH lesionsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 45, No. 6Thermogenetic changes following frontal neocortex stimulationBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 22, No. 6Accelerated norepinephrine turnover in peripheral tissues after ventromedial hypothalamic stimulation in ratsBrain Research, Vol. 481, No. 2Physiological responses to acute stress in alloxan and streptozotocin diabetic ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 45, No. 3Interaction of adrenalectomy and fenfluramine treatment on body weight, food intake and brown adipose tissuePhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 45, No. 3A high-fat diet increases calcitonin secretion in the ratBone and Mineral, Vol. 5, No. 3The effect of increased adiposity on food intake of juvenile ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 45, No. 2Effects of MSH on food intake, body weight and coat color of the yellow obese mouseLife Sciences, Vol. 45, No. 6Central mu, delta, and kappa opioid binding sites, and brain and pituitary beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin in genetically obese (ob/ob) and lean miceLife Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 16The obese zucker rat: A choice for fat metabolism 1968–1988: Twenty years of research on the insights of the Zucker mutationProgress in Lipid Research, Vol. 28, No. 1The effect of electrolytic lesions in the baso-medial-hypothalamus on the immune response of the chickenDevelopmental & Comparative Immunology, Vol. 12, No. 4Lateral and ventromedial hypothalamic influences on hepatic autonomic nerve activity in the ratBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 21, No. 2Serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein profiles of the genetically obese ob/ob mouseBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 961, No. 1Sympathetic activity following paraventricular injections of glucose and insulinBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 21, No. 1OBESITY AND THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEMThe Lancet, Vol. 332, No. 8605Ventromedial hypothalamic and paraventricular nucleus lesions damage a common system to produce hyperphagiaBehavioural Brain Research, Vol. 28, No. 3Regional brain glucose uptake in genetically diabetic C57BL/KsJ mice: modulation by the opiate antagonist, NalmefeneBrain Research, Vol. 445, No. 2Sympathetic activity following paraventricular or ventromedial hypothalamic lesions in ratsBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 20, No. 4Effects of chronic administration of benfluorex to rats on the metabolism of corticosterone, glucose, triacylglycerols, glycerol and fatty acidBiochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 37, No. 4Effects of ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic stimulation on chemically-induced liver injury in ratsLife Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 19Effects of chronic infusion of lipopolysaccharide on food intake and body temperature of the ratPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 42, No. 3PVN-hindbrain pathway involved in the hypothalamic hyperphagia-obesity syndromePhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 42, No. 6Monoamine metabolism and its responses to food deprivation in the brain of Zucker ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 44, No. 4-5Phentolamine stimulates insulin release and glucose clearance and suppresses food ingestionPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 44, No. 4-5Concomitant food intake and adipose tissue responses under chronic insulin infusion in ratsPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 44, No. 1Hyperinsulinemia induced by canine distemper virus infection of mice and its correlation with the appearance of obesityComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 91, No. 4Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity is unaltered in ob/ob and db/db mouse skeletal muscle membranesLife Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 10Obese (ob/ob) and diabetes (db/db) mutations: two factors modulating brain and peripheral tissue accumulation of estradiol in C57BL/KsJ miceDevelopmental Brain Research, Vol. 35, No. 1Lateral hypothalamic lesions and activity of the sympathetic nervous systemLife Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 5Activation of brown fat thermogenesis in response to central injection of corticotropin releasing hormone in the ratNeuropharmacology, Vol. 26, No. 8The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus revisited: 1986 updateBrain Research Reviews, Vol. 12, No. 3Active sodium-potassium transports in skeletal muscles of deoxycorticosterone hypertensive ratsBrain Research, Vol. 410, No. 2Hypothalamic control of brown adipose tissue in Zucker lean and obese rats. Effect of electrical stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus and other hypothalamic centresBrain Research, Vol. 405, No. 2Exaggerated peripheral responses to catecholamines contributes to stress-induced hyperglycemia in the ob/ob mousePharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 3Glucagon-like peptide-1 and the entero-insular axis in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob)miceLife Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 6Stimulation of thermogenesis and brown fat activity in rats fed medium chain triglycerideMetabolism, Vol. 36, No. 2Reduced norepinephrine turnover in interscapular brown adipose tissue of obese rats after ovariectomyMetabolism, Vol. 36, No. 1The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus is not essential for the prefeeding corticosterone peak in rats under restricted daily feedingPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 39, No. 2Corticosterone inhibition of the intracerebroventricular effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on brown adipose tissue thermogenesisPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 40, No. 4Time course of insulin, corticosterone and metabolic changes caused by lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamus in the ratPhysiology & Behavior, Vol. 39, No. 6Glucoregulatory effects of bombesin in lean and genetically obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) miceComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 88, No. 1Substance P, neurokinin A, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin releasing peptide in the intestine and pancreas of spontaneously obese-diabetic miceRegulatory Peptides, Vol. 16, No. 3-4Hypothalamic regulation of sodium-potassium pump activity in skeletal muscleBrain Research, Vol. 384, No. 1Impaired thermoregulation in cold-exposed rats with hypothalamic obesityMetabolism, Vol. 35, No. 10Effects of hypothalamic lesions on active sodium-potassium transport in the extensor digitorum longus muscles of hypokalemic ratBrain Research Bulletin, Vol. 17, No. 2Effect of impaired glucose tolerance and type II diabetes on resting metabolic rate and thermic response to a glucose meal in obese womenMetabolism, Vol. 35, No. 7The antiobesity action of (S)-(+)-1-(4-chlorophenylthiomethyl)-N-methylethylamine fumarate (AO-124)European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 125, No. 2Activation of thermogenesis of brown fat in rats by BaclofenNeuropharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 6Components of hypothalamic obesity: bipiperidyl-mustard lesions add hyperphagia to monosodium g