Intelligence Studies

Chapter 3 explores intelligence studies (the field of research) and its domination by the 'national security paradigm'. In particular it discusses the historical background of intelligence studies research, identifying different approaches to strategic intelligence in law enforcement, specifically those related to intelligence-led policing, intelligence processes and the call for an 'anticipative approach' to help decision-makers prepare future capabilities and strategy development. A review of the literature highlights that the debate about the inclusion of covert collection, crime analysis and information collation in intelligence definitions prevents a clear understanding of intelligence being developed in law enforcement. The literature review supports the need for further research into the role and impact of strategic intelligence in law enforcement, particularly in complex decision-making settings such as TOC, and for a strategic intelligence framework to ensure adequate support for strategic decision-makers to detect, disrupt, prevent and investigate TOC.