In recent years, WebAssembly (Wasm) has emerged as a widely-supported technology that offers high performance, compact binary size, support for multiple languages, hardware independence, security, and universal platform support, enabling developers to bring near-native speeds and portability to applications for the web and beyond. ITK-Wasm brings WebAssembly’s capabilities to scientific computing by combining the Insight Toolkit (ITK) and WebAssembly to enable high-performance spatial analysis across programming languages and hardware architectures.In the scientific Python ecosystem, ITK-Wasm packages work in a web browser via Pyodide but also in system-level environments through the WebAssembly System Interface (WASI). ITK-Wasm bridges WebAssembly with scientific Python through simple, fundamental Python and NumPy-based data structures and Pythonic function interfaces. These interfaces can be accelerated through graphics processing units (GPU) or neural processing unit (NPU) implementations when available.Beyond Python, ITK-Wasm’s integration of the WebAssembly Component Model launches scientific computing into a new world of interoperability, enabling the creation of accessible and sustainable multi-language projects that are easily distributed anywhere.
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