Key Chromatin Regulator-Related Genes Associated with the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease Regulate the Expression of HCFC1, RNF8, TNP1 and SET

Chromatin regulators are indispensable upstream epigenetic regulators.The emergence and progression of atherosclerosis has been demonstrated to be influenced by smooth muscle-related chromatin regulators, such as ZEB2 and MAFF. However, specific chromatin regulators and their possible roles have not been clarified. Information was gathered from 51 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 50 individuals in good health from the GEO database. 440 genes were identified as having differential expression across the two datasets, and these genes were linked to cellular reactions. Enrichment of pathways related to histone modification and transcriptional regulatory factors was observed in GO and KEGG analyses. Four machine learning models (RF, SVM, GLM, and XGB) were developed using the expression profiles of 440 chromatin-associated genes in the CAD cohort to pinpoint genes with significant diagnostic potential. After evaluating residuals, root mean square errors, receiver operating characteristic curves, and immune-infiltration, four key genes (HCFC1, RNF8, TNP1, and SET) were identified. Gene expression in different blood vessel levels in atherosclerotic plaques in a mouse model of coronary artery disease showed significant variations. The gene expression levels in macrophages aligned with clinical data from the GEO database as expected. This discovery is crucial for future analysis and the prediction of drug and miRNA targets. In conclusion, we found that the four hub genes are important in the mechanism of CAD. These findings provide new ideas for the study of potential epigenetic predictive markers and therapeutic targets to be used in determining a treatment strategy for CAD.