Among a broad spectrum of published methods of recognition of human actions in video sequences, one approach stands out, different from the rest by not relying on detection of interest points or events, extraction of features, region segmentation or finding trajectories, which are all prone to errors. It is based on representation of a time segment of a video sequence as a point on a manifold, and uses a geodesic distance defined on manifold for comparing and classifying video segments. A manifold based representation of a video sequence is obtained starting with a 3d array of consecutive image frames or a 3rd order tensor, which is decomposed into three 3 × k arrays that are mapped to a point of a manifold. This article presents a review of manifold based methods for human activity recognition and sparse coding of images that also rely on a manifold representation. Results of a human activity classification experiment that uses an implemented action recognition method based on a manifold representation illustrate the presentation.
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