Optimizing in Vitro Shoot Propagation of Indonesian True Seeds of Shallot (TSS) Using MS and DKW Media with BAP

Using shallot botanical seeds or true seed of shallot (TSS) as planting material can produce plants free from bulb-borne disease and be more technically and economically efficient. However, its application in the field still has limitations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro propagation media containing a combination of MS and DKW media with the addition of BAP on the growth parameters and multiplication frequency as well as plantlets condition of three cultivars of TSS to initiation support the supply of quality seeds in the field. The seeds were germinated in vitro using an MS medium, and then aseptic TSS seedlings were arranged using a completely randomized design with two factors and twelve replications. The first factor was media composition. MS (Murashige and Skoog) and DKW (Driver Kuniyaki Walnut) media were used for the in vitro shoot propagation media in combination with BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) at the level of concentrations: 0, 1, 2 and 4 mgL-1. The second factor was TSS cultivars: Bima Brebes, Trisula and Tuktuk. The result showed that Bima Brebes and Trisula cultivars significantly differed in multiplication frequency from the Tuktuk cultivar. DKW medium with 4 mgL-1 BAP produced the highest multiplication frequency but not significantly different with 4 mgL-1 BAP in MS and 2 mgL-1 BAP in DKW media. Adding 1-2 mgL-1 BAP in the DKW medium could induce new shoots on the Bima Brebes cultivar with better performance, though with lower multiplication frequency.