The state of global warming in the last few years is appalling. The temperature increase on the Earth carries a serious ecological imbalance including decomposition of organic matter. The fate of the terrestrial carbon consists of an important issue due to the possibility of the occurrence of feedback mechanisms to atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The sensitivity of soil carbon to warming consists of suspense in the prediction of future carbon dioxide concentration and further climate changes. So far, many ecosystem models proposed show a positive impact of global warming on the microbial organic matter decomposition. However, a terrestrial experiment does not coincide with those reports—they show an initial limitation of CO2 loss from the soil as a consequence of warming. This work concluded an influence of climate warming on organic decomposition as well as a difference between labile and nonlabile soil organic carbon decomposition under global warming. Attention is also paid on the possible consequence that could be even stronger than predicted.
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