Objective: Risk of arterial cardiovascular events is increased in patients with history of venous thromboembolism (VTE), although underlying mechanisms are still unclear. We previously found an increase prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients affected by VTE. In the present study we investigated the association between individual components of MetS and the risk of VTE recurrence. Design and method: We enrolled 350 patients who had had at least one objective diagnosed episode of VTE. Data about VTE characteristics were obtained from the medical records of the patients and the presence of MetS was established according to the NCEP ATP III guidelines. Results: We identified 67 (19,1%) subjects with history of VTE recurrence and 283 (80,9%) patients without relapsing VTE. The two groups showed comparable age, BMI, waist circumference and prevalence of smoking habit. Patients with recurrent VTE showed increase systolic blood pressure (p = 0.026), lower HDL-C levels (p = 0.037) and increase in triglycerides (TG) (p = 0.005) as compared to those without recurrence. After adjustment for age and gender, the prevalence of MetS was significantly increased in patients with recurrent VTE (OR 2.25, p = 0.005). Among the individual components of MetS we found a significant increase in the presence of high blood pressure (OR 4.44, p = 0.01), low HDL-C (OR 2.04, p = 0.04) and elevated triglycerides (OR 2.34, p = 0.008) in the patients with recurrent VTE. No differences between the two groups were seen in the prevalence of elevated glycaemia and visceral obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS, in particular high blood pressure and atherogenic lipid profile (low HDL/high TG), is increased in patients with recurrence of VTE.
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