Objective: Hypertension is an important cause of cardiovascular disease. In hypertensive patients the vascular remodeling is associated with changes in plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The aim of this study was to determine the plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and their TIMPs: TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in hypertensive patients and healthy subjects. Design and method: The study has involved 40 hypertensive patients and 41 adult healthy controls. Pro-MMP-3 and active form MMP-3, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 levels were determined in citrate plasma by ELISA methods using commercial reagents (R&D Systems, Lille France). To detect pro-MMP-9 and pro-MMP-2 as well as their conversion into active MMP-9 and MMP-2, was carried by gelatin zymography method. Results: The mean plasma activity of pro-MMP-9 in the hypertensive group and the control group were significantly different (153.33 ± 129.33 vs 90.38 ± 97.49 × 103 densitometric units/μl; p < 0.01). The plasma concentration of MMP-3 was significantly higher in hypertensive subjects then healthy subjects (20.24 ± 8.63 vs 16.41 ± 6.8 ng/ml; p < 0.05). The plasma concentration of TIMP-1 in the hypertensive group was lower than that in the control group 88.96 ± 26.9 vs 93.96 ± 27.28 ng/ml. Conclusions: These differential plasma matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase profile suggest a more aggressive proteolytic milieu exists in hypertensive patients which in turn would promote a more rapidly progressive vascular remodeling. While additional studies are necessary, these distinct differences in determinants of vascular matrix structure, and may be potentially useful as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in hypertension.
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