This study introduces a framework for clustering competition coevolution optimization algorithm based on the parallel Lion Swarm Optimization Algorithm (LSO). This framework combines clustering and competitive coevolution concepts under existing parallel computing paradigms. Initially, clustering categorizes particles of the total population, followed by parallel computing principles where particles within each classified subpopulation undergo local optimization using distinct optimization mechanisms. After a certain number of iterations, these subpopulations coevolve through an island-based topology. Experimental results demonstrate significant advantages of the proposed algorithm over traditional methods in both CEC2013 benchmark functions and feature selection problems, affirming its potential and effectiveness in practical applications. This framework introduces a novel approach and method for addressing complex problems, offering broad prospects for application.