Self-healing elastomers, featured by their ability to recover their mechanical properties and/or functions after being damaged, hold great potential for prolonging the service life and improving the reliability of vehicles, spacecraft, lithium batteries, soft robotics, and wearable devices. Therefore, self-healing elastomers have become the sought-after smart materials in recent years. This chapter reviews the recent progress in self-healing elastomers and their composites based on different dynamic networks. The design concepts, healing mechanisms, and diversified properties of different self-healing elastomers are discussed. The existing dilemma, corresponding solution, and development prospects of self-healing elastomers are also included in the last part of this chapter.