Simpler Optimized Stellarators Using Permanent Magnets

Magnetic coil complexity is one of the main challenges for stellarator based plasma confinement. Stellarators optimized for good confinement require complex three-dimensional coils to produce the needed 3D magnetic field structure. These coils are significantly more complicated than for equivalent tokamaks, reducing the apertures for maintenance access to the diverter and internal components, and increasing cost. As a consequence, simplification of coils has long been identified as a high priority gap for the stellarator approach to fusion energy [1].