Strategies for Manufacturing 1 Waste from one industrial process can serve as the raw materials for another , thereby reducing the impact of industry on the environment by

People create new technologies and industries to meet human needs more effectively and at lower cost. Innovation is a major agent of progress, and yet innovators’ incomplete knowledge sometimes leads to undesirable side effects. Such unforeseen consequences of new inventions are not unique to the feverish industrialization of the 19th and 20th centuries. The ancient Greek myths tell of Pandora and the box full of plagues, of Prometheus punished for stealing fire from the gods and of Icarus, who plummeted from the sky when the sun’s heat melted the wax of his wings. In historical times the shift from rawhide to tanned leather, although it made for garments and tools that lasted much longer and were more comfortable to wear and use, brought stenches and disease, so that tanneries had to be segregated from the communities they served.