The Structural Basis of Lipopolysaccharide Recognition by the TLR4–MD-2 Complex

Innate immunity: LPS recognition This paper describes the crystal structure of TLR4-MD-2-LPS, the complex between Toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation factor 2 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).The structure reveals how the TLR4-MD-2-receptor complex recognizes LPS, a major component of the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria that induces strong inflammatory responses by activating the human innate immune system. This work throws light on the important role of Toll-like receptor in innate immunity.