The Value and Challenges of Stakeholder Engagement in Rehabilitation Learning Health Systems: A Qualitative Pilot Study of Rehabilitation Directors

Introduction:Stakeholder engagement is a core element of a learning health system (LHS). Meaningful engagement of stakeholders can improve learning within a health system by informing program development and service delivery and by increasing buy-in and sustainability of evidence-based practices. While health systems recognize the value of stakeholder engagement, conducting stakeholder engagement activities requires time, resources, and the support of health system leadership. The objective of this pilot study was to obtain preliminary data on the value of stakeholder engagement from the perspective of rehabilitation directors. Methods:We conducted a general qualitative study utilizing 90-min focus groups. The main outcomes were domains identified from analysis of the focus group transcripts. Results:Six individuals from 4 health systems participated in one of two focus groups. Seven domains were identified: (1) how stakeholder engagement supports organizational mission and priorities; (2) types of stakeholders working with health systems; (3) past stakeholder engagement experiences; (4) engagement with stakeholders with lived experiences; (5) sustaining stakeholder relationships; (6) challenges with stakeholder engagement; and (7) future stakeholder engagement goals. Conclusions:This qualitative pilot study of the perspectives of rehabilitation LHS leaders on stakeholder engagement provides preliminary data that can be used to inform future research. While we found consistent themes recognizing the value of stakeholder engagement and participation in stakeholder engagement, respondents noted challenges in engaging stakeholders and using the information gained to effect change.