Hypertriglyceridemia is a common feature of many metabolic disorders and has been identified as risk factor for cardiovascular disease. ApoC-III is commonly associated with triglyceride rich lipoproteins and has been identified as a potent modulator of plasma TG levels. The purpose of this review is to provide background on apoC-III and its role in the regulation of plasma TG and lipoprotein metabolism and to highlight preclinical and genetic evidence supporting apoC-III as a central target in cardiovascular disease progression. Finally, recent results from clinical trials evaluating a second generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) inhibitor of apoC-III will be summarized and the potential impact such a drug could have in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and associated comorbidities will be highlighted.
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