The main objective of this review is to facilitate a deeper understanding of thermal inertia principles and to analyze its impacts on the evaluation of reaction kinetics. At first, the physical meaning of thermal inertia is explained and discussed, and its significance is documented on numerous practical examples. An overview of methods dealing with thermal inertia by means of quantification and elimination of its effects is presented afterwards. The particular approaches are analyzed in detail and their advantages, disadvantages, limitations, and a potential field of applications are outlined. The comprehensive analysis of thermal-inertia related problems shows it as an omnipresent factor with an indisputable impact on thermoanalytical results, the reaction kinetics in particular. In this light, the fundamental question on the thermal inertia neglecting issue should be revised, since it is no longer actual to ask “if”, but definitely only “when” can it be neglected.
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