Three-dimensional Woven Composites

Due to the complex structure of three-dimensional (3D) woven fabrics, their mechanical properties and failure modes tend to differ to those of equivalent two-dimensional woven and unidirectional composites. The application of 3D woven composites in advanced structural components is limited by a lack of understanding of the influence of textile weaving parameters on the final fibre architecture. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the influence of microstructural parameters on the physical, mechanical, in-plane, and out-of-plane impact performance of 3D woven composites. It highlights the motivation for using 3D woven composites for various structural applications. Potential modifications and improvements to 3D Jacquard weaving looms are also discussed, in order to minimise fibre damage.