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    专

    基于边界地图投影的视觉检测方法、装置、设备和介质

    16820200369966A
    发明人
    赵承辉, 杨孟, 田磊, 张跃, 梁誉耀
    受让人
    SINOTRUK JINAN POWER CO LTD (CHHE-C)
    申请人
    GRUMMAN AEROSPACE CORP
    申请号
    17743303
    申请日
    1989-02-21
    公开(公告)号
    16820200369966A
    公开(公告)日
    1995-06-20
    IPC分类号
    E02D017/20
    CPC分类号
    -
    优先权号
    1007810
    优先权日
    2000-02-20
    摘要

    An organic electroluminescent device having an anode, a cathode, and a light emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, in which the light emitting layer contains a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a third organic compound that satisfy the following expression (A), the second organic compound is a delayed fluorescent material, and the third organic compound is a light emitting material, is capable of enhancing the light emission efficiency. ES1(A), ES1(B) and ES1(C) represent a lowest, singlet excitation energy level of the first, second and third organic compound, respectively.ES1(A)>ES1(B)>ES1(C) (A)

    权利要求
    1 - 20 . (canceled)
    21 . A method of measuring leg alignment, comprising: moving a leg through at least one first movement; generating measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement via a measurement system coupled to the leg; using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement, determining a first angle included in a triangle formed by a first line extending from a hip joint of the leg to a knee joint of the leg, a second line extending from the knee joint to an ankle joint of the leg, and a third line extending from the hip joint to the ankle joint; using the first angle, determining an alignment measurement of the leg; and displaying the alignment measurement of the leg on a display.
    22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the measurement system is included in a prosthetic component.
    23 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the measurement system is coupled to a tibia of the leg.
    24 . The method of claim 21 , wherein determining the alignment measurement of the leg includes using the first angle to calculate a frontal plane knee angle of the leg.
    25 . The method of claim 21 , further comprising, using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement, determining a sagittal plane knee angle of the leg.
    26 . The method of claim 25 , further comprising displaying at least one of the frontal plane knee angle and the sagittal plane knee angle on the display.
    27 . The method of claim 21 , further comprising: moving the leg through at least one second movement; generating measurement data corresponding to the at least one second movement via the measurement system coupled to the leg; and using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one second movement, determining a transverse plane knee angle of the leg.
    28 . The method of claim 27 , further comprising displaying at least one of the frontal plane knee angle and the transverse plane knee angle on the display.
    29 . The method of claim 27 , wherein the at least one first movement includes rotating the leg about a joint line of the leg and wherein the at least one second movement includes rotating a tibia of the leg relative to a femur of the leg.
    30 . The method of claim 21 , further comprising determining a first length of the first line and a second length of the second line using one or more images of the leg.
    31 . A method of measuring leg alignment, comprising: moving a leg through at least one movement; generating measurement data corresponding to the at least one movement via a measurement system coupled to the leg; obtaining a measured length of a bone of the leg; using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement and the measured length of the bone, determining an alignment measurement of the leg; and displaying the alignment measurement of the leg on a display.
    32 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the bone of the leg is a tibia.
    33 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the bone of the leg is a femur.
    34 . The method of claim 31 , further comprising: using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement and the measured length of the bone, determining a first angle included in a triangle formed by a first line extending from a hip joint of the leg to a knee joint of the leg, a second line extending from the knee joint to an ankle joint of the leg, and a third line extending from the hip joint to the ankle joint; and using the first angle, determining the alignment measurement of the leg, wherein the alignment measurement of the leg is a frontal knee plane angle of the leg.
    35 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the at least one first movement includes rotating the leg about a joint line of the leg.
    36 . A method of measuring leg alignment, comprising: moving a leg through at least one first movement; generating measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement via a measurement system included in a prosthetic knee joint coupled to the leg; using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one first movement, determining a first alignment measurement of the leg; and displaying the first alignment measurement of the leg on a display.
    37 . The method of claim 36 , wherein the at least one first movement includes rotating the leg about a joint line of the leg and wherein the first alignment measurement is a sagittal plane knee angle.
    38 . The method of claim 36 , further comprising: moving the leg through at least one second movement; generating measurement data corresponding to the at least one second movement via the measurement system included in the prosthetic knee joint coupled to the leg; using the measurement data corresponding to the at least one second movement, determining a second alignment measurement of the leg; and displaying the first alignment measurement of the leg and the second alignment measurement of the leg on the display.
    39 . The method of claim 38 , wherein the at least one second movement includes rotating a tibia of the leg relative to a femur of the leg and wherein the second alignment measurement is a transverse plane knee angle.
    40 . The method of claim 36 , wherein the first alignment measurement is indicative of an alignment of a femur of the leg relative to a mechanical axis of the leg or an alignment of a tibia of the leg to the mechanical axis of the leg.
    说明书
    [0001]技术领域
    [0002]本发明涉及药用植物栽培技术领域,具体涉及一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法、培养方法和种植方法。
    [0003]背景技术
    [0004]淫羊藿属(Epimedium L.)植物为小檗科(Berberidaceae)多年生落叶或常绿草本植物。长期以来,淫羊藿市场供应几乎全部依赖于野生资源,随着市场需求的大量增加,其野生资源的蕴藏量逐年锐减,并面临枯竭。因此,利用种子人工繁育种苗就成为淫羊藿产业化栽培的关键举措。研究表明大多数淫羊藿种子都具有休眠特性,自然萌发周期长,萌发率低,这些特性是制约产业化栽培的关键限制因素。
    [0005]种子,为裸子植物和被子植物特有的繁殖体,对延续物种起着重要作用。农作物种子经过充分的筛选、分包后,在种植之前需要在仓库中存放较长的时间。农作物的种子在常温下储存,通常一年的发芽率在90%,2年的发芽率低于50%。一般淫羊藿种子采收后应立即播种,若不能立即播种,种子需要长期保存。淫羊藿种子不同贮存方法对萌发率影响很大,不合适的贮存方法甚至导致种子不萌发。
    [0006]发明内容
    [0007]本发明的目的在于克服上述技术不足,提供一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法、培养方法和种植方法,解决现有技术中如何提高贮存后的淫羊藿种子的萌发率的技术问题。
    [0008]为达到上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案提供一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法,包括以下步骤:
    [0009]将沙、淫羊藿种子、水和多菌灵杀菌剂混合,之后进行冷藏,冷藏的初始温度为15-16℃,按照每两周下调2-3℃至冷藏温度为4-5℃后保持恒温;
    [0010]保持恒温后,将湿度调至65-67%持续冷藏。
    [0011]进一步地,所述沙与淫羊藿种子的体积比为20-22:1。
    [0012]进一步地,所述杀菌剂为多菌灵,所述多菌灵由25%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂和水按照质量比1:200-250混合得到。
    [0013]进一步地,所述将湿度调至65-67%包括将种子加水混合至湿度为65-67%。
    [0014]进一步地,从冷藏开始至冷藏结束的时间总共为85-95天。
    [0015]进一步地,将沙、淫羊藿种子、水和杀菌剂混合之前还包括:将淫羊藿种子清洗,去皮并于25-26℃的条件下存放。
    [0016]此外,本发明还提出一种淫羊藿种子的培养方法,包括以下步骤:将上述贮存方法处理后的淫羊藿种子播种在沙床上,保持沙床湿度为65-67%,光照16-17h·d -1 。
    [0017]此外,本发明还提出一种淫羊藿种子的种植方法,包括以下步骤:每亩地施入1.5-1.6吨有机肥,旋耕均匀;之后拢行做厢,厢面平整;之后在厢面铺上蚯蚓土5~10厘米;之后播种,将上述贮存方法处理后的淫羊藿种子、沙、杀菌剂一起拌合,之后按每平方800-850粒种子均匀播撒于厢面;之后覆盖蚯蚓土于厢面上,之后浇水,将种子和沙土浇透,之后加盖拱棚,维持棚内温度25-26℃、湿度65-67%。
    [0018]进一步地,厢面宽度1-1.2米,排水沟宽25-27厘米,深20~30厘米。
    [0019]进一步地,覆盖2-3cm厚的蚯蚓土于厢面上。
    [0020]与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果包括:本发明提出的淫羊藿种子的贮存方法,利用湿沙逐级降温层积处理的方法,既能使淫羊藿种子长期保存,且不退化、不失去原有优势,又能打破淫羊藿种子休眠状态,缩短发芽时间,提高了发芽率,对于促进淫羊藿资源可持续利用及产业化具有重要的理论和现实意义,发芽率高达80%以上。
    [0021]附图说明
    [0022]图1是本发明实施例1、对比例1和对比例2的淫羊藿种子的萌发率统计结果。
    [0023]图2是本发明实施例5种植20天后的淫羊藿种子萌发的照片。
    [0024]具体实施方式
    [0025]本具体实施方式提供一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法,包括以下步骤:
    [0026]将淫羊藿种子清洗,去皮并于25-26℃的条件下存放;
    [0027]将沙、淫羊藿种子、水和多菌灵杀菌剂混合,之后进行冷藏,冷藏的初始温度为15-16℃,按照每两周下调2-3℃至冷藏温度为4-5℃后保持恒温;所述沙与淫羊藿种子的体积比为20-22:1;所述杀菌剂为多菌灵,所述多菌灵由25%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂和水按照质量比1:200-250混合得到;
    [0028]保持恒温后,将湿度调至65-67%持续冷藏,所述将湿度调至65-67%包括将种子加水混合至湿度为65-67%,从冷藏开始至冷藏结束的时间总共为85-95天。
    [0029]本具体实施方式还提出一种淫羊藿种子的培养方法,包括以下步骤:将上述贮存方法处理后的淫羊藿种子播种在沙床上,保持沙床湿度为65-67%,光照16-17h·d -1 。
    [0030]本具体实施方式还提出一种淫羊藿种子的种植方法,包括以下步骤:每亩地施入1.5-1.6吨有机肥,旋耕均匀;之后拢行做厢,厢面平整,厢面宽度1-1.2米,排水沟宽25-27厘米,深20~30厘米;之后在厢面铺上蚯蚓土5~10厘米;之后播种,将上述贮存方法处理后的淫羊藿种子、沙、杀菌剂一起拌合,之后按每平方800-850粒种子均匀播撒于厢面;之后覆盖2-3cm厚的蚯蚓土于厢面上,之后浇水,将种子和沙土浇透,之后加盖拱棚,维持棚内温度25-26℃、湿度65-67%。
    [0031]为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
    [0032]实施例1
    [0033]本实施例提出一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法,包括:
    [0034]S1、种子25℃恒温存放3个月:将当年六月份收集的淫羊藿种子,进行清洗和去皮,(以种子干燥为准)自然风干后,置于25℃空调房中恒温存放3个月;
    [0035]S2、九月中旬对种子进行沙藏前处理,种子清洗干净晒干备用,用温水浸泡种子24小时后用手轻轻搓洗,直至清水为止,将种子拌入清洗干净的沙中,沙与种子的比例为20:1(V/V),再加入拌有多菌灵的水,具体地,拌有多菌灵的水由25%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂1g和250g水混合得到,搅拌均匀,干湿度大约用手抓一把沙松开后沙子不散开为准;
    [0036]S3、种子装袋,放入冷藏柜存放,沙藏起始温度为15℃,二周后下调至13℃,四周后下调至11℃,六周后下调至9℃,八周后下调至7℃,十周后下调至4℃,至4℃后保持,不再下调;
    [0037]S4、保持4℃,柜子湿度调至65%,每三天补水一次,具体方法:每袋种子倒入盘中加水搅拌均匀再装袋入柜,所使用的水均为纯净水;
    [0038]S5、下地时间:种子于冷藏柜中沙藏90天即可下地。
    [0039]实施例2
    [0040]本实施例提出一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法,包括:
    [0041]S1、种子25℃恒温存放3个月:将当年六月份收集的淫羊藿种子,进行清洗和去皮,(以种子干燥为准)自然风干后,置于25℃空调房中恒温存放3个月;
    [0042]S2、九月中旬对种子进行沙藏前处理,首先对种子大小进行分类,沙子过40目筛,清洗干净晒干备用,用温水浸泡种子24小时后用手轻轻搓洗,直至清水为止,将种子拌入清洗干净的沙中,沙与种子的比例为22:1(V/V),再加入拌有多菌灵的水,具体地,拌有多菌灵的水由25%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂1g和250g水混合得到,搅拌均匀,干湿度大约用手抓一把沙松开后沙子不散开为准;
    [0043]S3、种子装袋,放入冷藏柜存放,入柜起始温度调为16℃,二周后下调至13℃,四周后下调至11℃,六周后下调至9℃,八周后下调至7℃,十周后下调至5℃,至5℃后保持,不再下调;
    [0044]S4、保持5℃,柜子湿度调至66%,每三天补水一次,具体方法:每袋种子倒入盘中加水搅拌均匀再装袋入柜,所使用的水均为纯净水;
    [0045]S5、下地时间:种子于冷藏柜中沙藏85天即可下地。
    [0046]实施例3
    [0047]本实施例提出一种淫羊藿种子的贮存方法,包括:
    [0048]S1、种子25℃恒温存放3个月:将当年六月份收集的淫羊藿种子,进行清洗和去皮,(以种子干燥为准)自然风干后,置于25℃空调房中恒温存放3个月;
    [0049]S2、九月中旬对种子进行沙藏前处理,沙子过40目筛,清洗干净晒干备用,用温水浸泡种子24小时后用手轻轻搓洗,直至清水为止,将种子拌入清洗干净的沙中,沙与种子的比例为21:1(V/V),再加入拌有多菌灵的水,具体地,拌有多菌灵的水由25%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂1g和220g水混合得到,搅拌均匀,干湿度大约用手抓一把沙松开后沙子不散开为准;
    [0050]S3、种子装袋,放入冷藏柜存放,入柜起始温度调为15℃,二周后下调至13℃,四周后下调至11℃,六周后下调至9℃,八周后下调至7℃,十周后下调至4℃,至4℃后保持,不再下调;
    [0051]S4、保持4℃,柜子湿度调至66%,每三天补水一次,具体方法:每袋种子倒入盘中加水搅拌均匀再装袋入柜,所使用的水均为纯净水;
    [0052]S5、下地时间:种子于冷藏柜中沙藏95天即可下地。
    [0053]对比例1
    [0054]该对比例为没有经过沙藏处理的种子,即淫羊藿种子25℃恒温存放3个月:将当年六月份收集的淫羊藿种子,进行清洗和去皮,(以种子干燥为准)自然风干后,置于25℃空调房中恒温存放3个月。
    [0055]对比例2
    [0056]本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于:沙藏对照组温度控制不同:沙藏起始温度为4℃,4℃恒温贮存90天。
    [0057]实施例4
    [0058]本实施例提出一种淫羊藿种子的培养方法,包括以下步骤:将上述实施例1、对比例和对比例2贮存方法处理后的淫羊藿种子播种在沙床上,保持沙床湿度为65%,光照16h·d -1 。
    [0059]三组种子分别按照该培养方法处理100粒种子,每组设置3个重复组,共计处理900粒种子。沙床播种这天为0天算,到第10天见种子开始萌发,播种后的第20天,种子萌发稳定,以第20天开始统计种子萌发率,种子萌发计算公式如下:
    [0060][萌发率=(发芽数÷种子数)×100%]。
    [0061]结果如图1所示,非沙藏对照组种子,25℃高温存放90天后,种子萌发率为0;4℃恒温沙藏贮存90后,种子萌发率为52%;沙藏起始温度为15℃,每二周下调2℃,逐级降温层积处理,至4℃保持,共计存放90天,种子萌发率为80%;以上结果表明:经25℃恒温存放3个月,起始温度为15℃,逐级降温层积处理90天的种子萌发率最高,其20天的萌发率高达80%以上,且较4℃恒温沙藏处理间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
    [0062]实施例5
    [0063]本实施例提出一种淫羊藿种子的种植方法,包括以下步骤:每亩地施入1.5吨有机肥,旋耕均匀;之后拢行做厢,厢面平整,厢面宽度1米,排水沟宽25厘米,深20~30厘米;之后在厢面铺上蚯蚓土5~10厘米;之后播种,将上述贮存方法处理后的淫羊藿种子、沙、多菌灵的水一起拌合,具体地,拌有多菌灵的水由25%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂1g和220g水混合得到,之后按每平方800粒种子均匀播撒实施例1沙藏后的种子于厢面;之后覆盖约2-3cm厚的蚯蚓土于厢面上,之后浇水,将种子和沙土彻底浇透,之后使用纤维棒加盖拱棚,维持棚内温度25℃、湿度65%。
    [0064]萌发率统计:下地播种时间为0天算,到第10天见种子开始萌发,播种后的第10天,种子萌发稳定,如图2所示,以第20天种子萌发情况估算,下地播种,种子萌发率大于80%。
    [0065]本发明的优点包括:本发明采用湿沙逐级降温层积贮存种子后,可有效解除种子的休眠,将自然条件下8~9个月的休眠期缩短至90天左右。经过本发明方法贮存的种子20天内发芽率达80%以上。远高于文献报道的45%的发芽率。此外,本发明方法简单,成本低,便于操作,并且在小拱棚中进行了大田播种验证,可直接指导实际生产应用。
    [0066]以上所述本发明的具体实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
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