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    专

    焦炭热性质分析方法及实现该方法的装置

    VN318679A
    发明人
    任玉明, 薛改凤, 王元生, 鲍俊芳, 项茹, 张雪红, 宋子逵, 陈鹏, 詹立志, 陈细涛
    受让人
    WUHAN IRON & STEEL GROUP CORP
    申请人
    HYLAND SWITZERLAND SÀRL
    申请号
    11144864
    申请日
    1990-04-08
    公开(公告)号
    VN318679A
    公开(公告)日
    1987-06-30
    IPC分类号
    A21B3/02
    CPC分类号
    -
    优先权号
    7326548
    优先权日
    1973-07-18
    摘要

    NOVELTY - The assembly has a barrel including a side wall having an inside surface defining a chamber for retaining fluid, and an elongate plunger rod placed within the barrel, where the rod includes a distal end with a stopper (240) having a distal face and a proximal end (231). One or more pulsing elements are placed on one of the plunger rod or the inside surface of the barrel to provide increased mechanical interference between the plunger rod and barrel, where the pulsing elements are rotatable to create pulsatile movement or continuous and unimpeded movement of the plunger rod within the barrel.

    USE - Flush syringe assembly for use in a flush procedure for a vascular access device (VAD).

    ADVANTAGE - The pulsing elements are rotatable to create pulsatile movement or continuous and unimpeded movement of the plunger rod within the barrel, thus allowing a user to achieve the effects of push-pulse flushing techniques that impart turbulence to the flow of flush solution into a catheter or other medical device connected to a flush syringe, and allowing the user to utilize smooth flushing techniques that do not actively change or increase turbulence in the flow of the flush solution into the catheter or other medical device.

    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for flushing a catheter.

    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the plunger rod.

    Proximal end (231)

    Intersecting beams (236, 237)

    Stopper (240)

    Thumb press (244)

    Protrusions (245)

    权利要求
    1. A food roasting apparatus, comprising: an elongate rigid rod having a first end and a second end opposite said first end, said rod defining a rod longitudinal axis; a handle attached to said first end of said rod, said handle being constructed of a material that is slow to conduct heat; a basket removably attached to said second end of said rod and defining a basket longitudinal axis, said basket having a wire-frame construction; wherein said rod includes an offset portion at said second end connecting said rod to said side wall of said basket such that said rod longitudinal axis is inline with said basket longitudinal axis during rotation of said rod about said rod longitudinal axis; a sleeve coupled to said rod for slidable movement therealong, said sleeve including a pair of hemispherical sections hingedly coupled to one another for selective movement between open and closed configurations; wherein said sleeve defines an axial bore for receiving said rod when said hemispherical sections are at said open configuration such that said sleeve is slidably movable along said rod; wherein said sleeve defines a secondary bore parallel to said axial bore; a stake having a pointed end for ground penetration; a clamp coupled to said stake for slidable vertical movement therealong, said clamp having means for releasably capturing said sleeve, whereby said rod is slidably movable relative to said sleeve to a desired horizontal position; wherein said basket includes: a first basket member and a second basket member hingedly coupled to said first basket member; a trigger coupled to said rod adjacent said handle; a linkage operatively connecting said trigger with said first and second basket members for selectively moving said first and second basket members between open and closed configurations; wherein said linkage includes: a pushrod connected to said trigger such that operation of said trigger moves said pushrod between a first position and a second position, said pushrod being received in said sleeve secondary bore when said hemispherical sections are at said open configuration such that said sleeve is slidably movable along said pushrod; a rotating arm connected to said pushrod and pivotally connected to said rod, such that movement of said pushrod causes said rotating arm to rotate; a fork with a track coupled to said rotating arm such that said rotating arm slides in said track, a rotation of said rotating arm causing said fork to move perpendicular to said rod longitudinal axis; a link connected to said first and second basket members and releasably connected to said fork, such that movement of said fork away from said rod longitudinal axis causes said link to move away from said rod longitudinal axis and separate said first and second basket members; and a spring connected to said trigger for normally biasing said pushrod toward said first position when said trigger is not being operated by a user.
    2. The food roasting device as in claim 1 wherein said stake defines a vertical axis when positioned in the ground and said clamp selectively rotates about said vertical axis defined by said stake.
    3. Te food roasting device as in claim 1 wherein said sleeve is constructed of a material that is slow to conduct heat.
    说明书
    [0001]技术领域
    [0002]本发明属于水泥生产技术领域，具体涉及一种提高还原效率降低水泥窑炉氮氧化物的方法。
    [0003]背景技术
    [0004]传统的水泥生产工艺采用煤粉分级燃烧的方法，在三次风以下区域设置煤粉喷入口，设置煤粉还原区，降低氮氧化物排放。
    [0005]传统的燃煤分级燃烧设置还原区降低氮氧化物的排放，由于还原区域温度低、还原气氛难以控制，存在还原效率低、煤粉燃烧不完全导致燃烧效率低、同时存在碳排放强度高等问题。
    [0006]由于煤粉本身含有氮、硫等元素，导致后续燃烧后会产生氮氧化物和SO 2 、SO 3 等污染物排放。且煤粉中含有的元素比较复杂，会影响熟料的产能，需要对生料配比进行改造，影响了装置的正常稳定运行。
    [0007]另外，现有技术还存在由于烟室流场分布不合理，导致烟室处容易结皮，会堵塞设备，影响装置正常生产。
    [0008]发明内容
    [0009]为了克服以上技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种提高还原效率降低水泥窑炉氮氧化物的方法，通过喷入清洁能源，与回转窑来烟气中剩余的氧气进行反应，可有效提高反应温度，并同时增加还原性气氛，提高还原效率。
    [0010]为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
    [0011]一种提高还原效率降低水泥窑炉氮氧化物的方法，包括以下步骤；
    [0012]S1：在回转窑的分解段距离烟室3-10米处，设置多层清洁能源喷嘴或燃烧器，每层设置多个，根据回转窑的过渡段来的烟气氧含量，对分解段前段部分喷入清洁能源，通过消耗剩余氧气，控制各个喷嘴的阀门开度，通过喷入的清洁能源的流量来控制分解段前段的还原性气氛和温度；分解段后段部分喷入还原性清洁能源，通过阀门控制还原性清洁能源的喷入量，使在煅烧段生成的大量的氮氧化物发生还原反应，生成无污染的N 2 和H 2 O；
    [0013]S2：S1中生成无污染的N 2 和H 2 O进入烟室；在烟室处设置四角切边的方式，布置多层多个还原性清洁能源喷嘴；将整个烟室变为还原区；
    [0014]S3：S2中还原后的气体进入分解炉，将分解炉的三次风处设置多层喷嘴或烧枪，每层布置多个喷嘴和烧枪。
    [0015]所述S1中喷嘴轴向和周向的角度可调。
    [0016]所述S1中在清洁能源喷嘴或燃烧器采用切圆或者对喷的方式布置，加强气流扰动，加强湍流，提高燃烧效率和还原反应效率。
    [0017]所述S1中将氧含量控制在0.5～3％(v)，温度控制在1050-1300℃。
    [0018]所述S1中通过阀门控制还原性清洁能源的喷入量，将CO含量控制在10000-50000mg/m 3 ，CHx含量控制在2000-15000ppm。
    [0019]所述S2中，在烟室处，控制温度为1000-1250℃左右。
    [0020]所述S2中四角切边/切圆的方式用于进行气流扰动，加强湍流程度，增强气流混合，一是进一步提高还原效果，二是减少物料在拐角、变径等层流区域的堆积和停留。
    [0021]所述S2通过设置外置式还原炉的方式，进一步增加还原空间，将高氮氧化物的烟气分流至还原炉，还原炉内设置多层清洁能源喷嘴或燃烧器，每层设置多个，将旋风分离预热器来的物料引入，用于控制还原区温度不超温。
    [0022]所述回转窑中的气体运行方向上依次为燃烧段、过渡段和分解段，回转窑中的分解段末端设置烟室，烟室运行方向末端设置分解炉。
    [0023]本发明的有益效果：
    [0024]1、通过清洁能源(天然气、生物质、氢气、生物甲醇等)对燃煤进行替代，可以降低燃料型二氧化碳排放50％-100％；
    [0025]2、通过改造扩大或新增设的还原区域，喷入还原性清洁能源，可有效降低回转窑高温烧成产生的热力型氮氧化物，氮氧化物脱除率可达到50％-100％；减少原SNCR系统的氨水喷入量，或停用原有SNCR系统；
    [0026]3、本发明可提高回转窑分解段及烟室处的温度，为装置扩产提供了条件；
    [0027]4、在烟室处可有效缓解结皮现象，提升装置运行稳定性，减少因为结皮而导致的非计划停工。
    [0028]附图说明
    [0029]图1为本发明的回转窑分解段喷嘴或燃烧器布置图。
    [0030]图2为本发明的烟室处喷嘴或燃烧器布置示意图。
    [0031]图3为本发明的结构示意图一。
    [0032]图4为本发明的结构示意图二。
    [0033]具体实施方式
    [0034]下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
    [0035]如图1-图4所示：一种提高还原效率降低水泥窑炉氮氧化物的方法，包括以下步骤；
    [0036]S1，回转窑一般分为冷却段、烧成段、过渡段及分解段，其中分解段的主要作用是进一步分解从分解炉来的物料，降低煅烧能耗及时间。
    [0037]在回转窑分解段离烟室3-10米处，设置多层清洁能源喷嘴或燃烧器，每层设置多个，采用切圆或者对喷的方式布置，设置多层和多个喷嘴或燃烧器，主要是加强炉内气流扰动，使气流混合均匀；根据回转窑过渡段来的烟气氧含量，所述分解段前段部分喷入清洁能源，通过消耗剩余氧气，控制各个喷嘴的阀门开度，通过喷入的清洁能源的流量来控制分解段前段的还原性气氛和温度，将氧含量控制在0.5～3％(v)，温度控制在1050-1300℃；分解段后段部分喷入还原性清洁能源，通过阀门控制还原性清洁能源的喷入量，将CO含量控制在10000-50000mg/m 3 ，CHx含量控制在2000-15000ppm，使在煅烧段生成的大量的氮氧化物发生还原反应，生成无污染的N 2 和H 2 O；
    [0038]S2，在烟室处，由于温度比较高，一般在1000-1250℃左右，粉状物料会在设备死角处聚集，长时间后，物料会烧结在一起，形成结皮现象，且操作稍有不慎，结皮会越来越厚，严重时，会堵塞风道，导致装置非正常停工。为此，在烟室处设置四角切边的方式，布置多层多个还原性清洁能源喷嘴；一方面可以加强设备死角处的气流扰动，避免结皮现象，另一方面可以继续增强该区域的还原性，还可将整个烟室变为还原区；
    [0039]受制于装置现有设备空间的影响，无法继续增加还原区域，或可通过设置外置式还原炉的方式，进一步增加还原空间，提高还原区域停留时间。具体为将高氮氧化物的烟气分流至还原炉，还原炉内设置多层清洁能源喷嘴或燃烧器，每层设置多个；为控制还原区温度不超温，可将旋风分离预热器来的物料引入。
    [0040]S3，将三次风处的原煤粉燃烧器替换为多层喷嘴或烧枪，每层布置多个喷嘴和烧枪。
    [0041]本发明采用清洁能源作为还原剂，扩大还原区，较原有还原区域空间增加50-100％，停留时间增加0.5-1倍，由于喷入了清洁能源，与回转窑来烟气中剩余的氧气进行反应，可有效提高反应温度，并同时增加还原性气氛，提高还原效率。具体为在水泥窑烟室处增设还原区，或根据还原特性，在回转窑和分解炉增设一个还原炉，采用以上方法，进一步增加还原性清洁能源的适应性，提高还原反应效率，降低氮氧化物的排放，由于采用清洁能源，无新增其它污染物排放。
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