We present two new dispersive global phenomenological optical potentials (GPOPs) for neutrons, covering a mass range of 24 <= A <= 209 and incident energies up to 200 MeV and 300 MeV, respectively. Additionally, we provide updated traditional GPOPs for neutrons up to 200 and 300 MeV within the same mass range, as well as for protons up to 200 MeV across masses 27 <= A <= 209. Compared to the widely used Koning-Delaroche global potential, which is currently the only widely used one of its kind, we introduce an energy-dependent exponential term and additional components into the volume imaginary potential without introducing extra adjustable parameters. This modification leads to significantly improved agreement between our calculated total cross sections and experimental data. Enhancements are also achieved for neutron and proton elastic scattering angular distributions, analyzing powers, and nonelastic cross sections. The derived global potential parameters are expected to offer substantial utility in nuclear data evaluation and the design of nuclear engineering systems.

A microscopic optical potential for $^7$Li without free parameter is obtained by folding the microscopic optical potentials of its internal nucleons with their density distributions. An isospin-dependent nucleon microscopic optical potential based on the Skyrme nucleon-nucleon effective interaction is used as the nucleon optical potential. Cluster model is employed to construct the internal wave function of $^7$Li and derive the density distributions of the internal nucleons. The $^7$Li microscopic optical potential is used to calculate the elastic-scattering angular distributions and reaction cross sections for target nuclei from $^{27}$Al to $^{208}$Pb at incident energies up to 450 MeV. The results are compared with experimental data and the calculated results by a global phenomenological optical model potential. Generally the microscopic optical potential can reproduce the experimental data reasonably well, and in many cases it is comparable to the global phenomenological optical potential.

A microscopic approach is employed to study the optical potential for the 7 Li-nucleus interaction system without any free parameters. It is obtained by folding the microscopic optical potentials of the constituent nucleons of 7 Li over their density distributions. We employ an isospin-dependent nucleon microscopic optical potential, which is based on the Skyrme nucleon-nucleon effective interaction and derived using the Green's function method, as the nucleon optical potential. The harmonic oscillator shell model is used to describe the internal wave function of 7 Li and obtain the nucleon density distribution. The 7 Li microscopic optical potential is used to predict the reaction cross-sections and elastic scattering angular distributions for the target range from 27 Al to 208 Pb and energy range below 450 MeV. Generally, the results can reproduce the measured data reasonably well. In addition, the microscopic optical potential is comparable to a global phenomenological optical potential by fitting the presently existing measured data.

The microscopic optical potentials for Li isotopes (A=6,7) without free parameter are obtained by folding the microscopic optical potentials of their internal nucleons with density distributions generated from corresponding internal wave functions of Li isotopes. An isospin-dependent nucleon microscopic optical potential based on the Skyrme nucleon-nucleon effective interaction is used as the nucleon optical potential. Shell model is employed to construct the internal wave functions of Li isotopes and derive their density distributions of internal nucleons. The Li microscopic optical potentials are used to calculate the elastic-scattering angular distributions and reaction cross sections. The results reproduce experimental data well and are comparable to those calculated by phenomenological optical model potentials in many cases.

Based on the obtained [Formula: see text] global optical model potential, the global phenomenological optical model potential for [Formula: see text] projectile is obtained by fitting the experimental data of [Formula: see text] elastic scattering angular distributions from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] targets with incident energies below 100[Formula: see text]MeV. Using the found global optical model potential, the reaction cross-sections are predicted and compared with the available experimental data. Moreover, the elastic-scattering angular distributions and reaction cross-sections for isotopic chain [Formula: see text] projectiles are predicted by the [Formula: see text] global optical model potential at different incident energies. These results are also compared with the corresponding experimental data. The performance shows that the [Formula: see text] global phenomenological optical model potentials can give a satisfactory description for elastic scattering of these projectiles.

A set of optical model potential parameters for the n+V-51 reaction is obtained based on the experimental data of the total cross section, elastic scattering cross section, and elastic scattering angular distribution at incident energies up to 300 MeV. All cross sections, angular distributions, energy spectra, and double-differential cross sections for the n+V-51 reaction are consistently calculated and analyzed at incident neutron energies below 250 MeV. The theoretical nuclear models including the optical model, distorted wave Born approximation theory, Hauser-Feshbach theory, evaporation model, exciton model, and intranuclear cascade model are used in the analysis. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data and the evaluated results in ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.

R-matrix theory is an important methodology for applications on light, medium and heavy mass nuclides nuclear reaction in the resonance energy range. Full R-matrix formalism contains the diagonal elements of the energy levels matrix and it is a rigorous theory. Because of different assumptions and approximations, many kinds of R-matrix derived methods are obtained. The new R-matrix code FDRR is presented and includes 4 kinds of R-matrix applications. It can be used for calculating integral cross sections and angular distributions of 2-bodies reactions. The cross sections and angular distributions of n+ 6Li reaction are calculated and analyzed by FDRR code. The results are in good agreement with experimental data below 20 MeV.

All cross sections of proton induced reactions, angular distributions, energy spectra and double differential cross sections of neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, helium and alpha-particle emissions for p+204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi reactions are consistently calculated and analyzed at incident proton energies below 200 MeV. The optical model, the distorted wave Born approximation theory, the unified Hauser-Feshbach and exciton model which includes the improved Iwamoto-Harada model are used. Theoretically calculated results are compared with the existing experimental data.

The nucleon density distributions were usually described by the two-parameter Fermi shape formula. In this work, the isospin effects in the nucleon density distributions are considered, and a three-parameter formula is proposed and modified by simultaneously considering the experimental data of 885 root-mean-square (rms) charge radii and neutron skin thickness of 26 stable nuclei. The improved nucleon density formula is physically reasonable and achieves a good agreement for the charge radii and neutron skin thickness calculated with the new nucleon density formula comparing the available experimental data.

All cross sections of neutron-induced reactions, angular distributions, double differential cross sections, angle-integrated spectra, γ-ray production cross sections and energy spectra for 54,56,57,58Fe are calculated by using theoretical models at incident neutron energies from 0.1 to 200 MeV. The present consistent theoretical calculated results are in good agreement with recent experimental data. The present evaluated data are compared with the existing experimental data and evaluated results from ENDF/B-VII, JENDL-4, JEFF-3, and the results are given in ENDF/B format.

The microscopic optical potential for He-6 with no free parameters is obtained by folding the microscopic optical potentials of its constituent nucleons with the internal wave function of He-6. We use the isospin-dependent nucleon microscopic optical potential, which is derived by using the Green's function method through the nuclear matter approximation and the local density approximation based on the Skyrme nucleon-nucleon effective interaction. The internal wave function of He-6 is described in a harmonic-oscillator form. The He-6 microscopic optical potential is used to calculate the reaction cross sections and elastic-scattering angular distributions for target nuclei in the mass range 12 <= A <= 209 at incident energies up to 350 MeV. The results are compared with the experimental data and those calculated by a global phenomenological optical potential; in most cases, the microscopic optical potential reproduces the experimental data less well than the global potential. The sensitivity of scattering to the potentials as a function of radius has been investigated by using the notch perturbation method. The investigation shows that the scattering is sensitive to the optical potential in the nuclear surface region. It is concluded from the discussion that the microscopic optical potential can be improved by increasing the surface absorption contribution.

The global phenomenological and microscopic optical model potentials for alpha with the incident energy up to 400 MeV are obtained. The global phenomenological optical model potential is extracted by simultaneously fitting the experimental data of total reaction cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions in the mass range of target nuclei 20 ≤ A ≤ 209. The microscopic optical model potential is obtained by the Green function method through nuclear matter approximation and local density approximation based on the effective Skyrme nucleon-nucleon interaction. Both optical model potentials are used to calculate the reaction cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions for the target nuclei in the mass range 12 ≤ A ≤ 209 at incident alpha energies up to 400 MeV. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data, and the calculated results by phenomenological and microscopic optical model potentials are also compared with each other.

The extended Skyrme interaction involving additional momentum-and density-dependent terms is adopted to uniformly describe the properties of nuclear matter and finite nuclei, as well as the nuclear reaction properties. A new set of extended Skyrme interaction parameters is constructed by simultaneously fitting the properties of nuclear matter and the experimental data of finite nuclei and neutron-nucleus scattering observables. These data include the binding energies and charge rms radii of some spherical even-even nuclei, the total cross sections, nonelastic cross sections, elastic-scattering angular distributions, and analyzing powers. Compared with the existing Skyrme interactions, the obtained extended Skyrme interaction has a significantly improvement in the agreement with corresponding experimental data, together with some additional constraints on nuclear matter.

The nucleon microscopic optical potential based on the conventional and extended Skyrme interactions are achieved by the single-particle Green function method through nuclear matter approximation and local density approximation. The nucleon-nucleon scattering observables are calculated by the obtained microscopic optical potential and the results are compared with the corresponding experimental data. Good agreement is generally obtained between them.

The proton microscopic optical potential (MOP) based on Skyrme interaction has been achieved by the Green function method in the nuclear matter, and given by the local density approximation (LDA) for finite nuclei. The reaction cross-sections, elastic scattering angular distributions, analyzing powers, and spin-rotation functions are predicted by the obtained proton MOP with Skyrme interaction SkC in the mass range of target nuclei 24[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]209 with incident proton energy below 100[Formula: see text]MeV. These observables are further predicted for some light nuclei and actinide nuclei below 100[Formula: see text]MeV. The prediction is compared with existing experimental data. It is revealed that the obtained proton MOP based on Skyrme interaction SkC can satisfactorily describe the proton–nucleus elastic scattering.